BIO 101 Exam #1 questions and answers with correct solutions.

BIO 101 Exam #1 questions and answers with correct solutions. What is Biology? - correct answers.Study of life; encompasses everything -biomolecular biology and technology have brought around a new era for biology What are the major characteristics of Life? - correct answers.1) reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid); double helix shape; stores genetic info) 2) cellular repsiration (used to creat energy) (metabolism; need it to perform basic functions of life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats, vitamins/minerals) 3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times traits of organizations) modified 4) growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan") 5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure) 6) cells (basic building blocks of life; need only one to be considered living) 7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in order to survive) What is a cell? - correct answers.- basic building blocks of life - not always apparent; first seen with a microscope - cells were discovered by Hook in 1655 - first cells discovered were from cork - theory wasn't generally accepted due to the challenge of trying to convince people of this drastic change What is cell theory? - correct answers.- proposed in 1800's - lowest level of structure perfoms all chracteristics of life - arise from previously existing cells What is metabolism? - correct answers.- energy breakdown; needed for food - glucose is the "best" - C6H12O6 (formula for glucose) - breaks (catabolic reaction) down to carbon dioxide and water [ CO2 + H2O] Difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions? - correct answers.- anabolic- building up of molcules, etc. - ie: anabolic steroids (build up muscle) - catabolic- breaking down of molecules Bean Beetle Lab - correct answers.- learn how to determine if alive or dead - if alive, beetles should be giving off carbon dioxide - if dead, bean beetles may be giving off CO2 but only because the decomposition process - CO2 measured in ppm - calculate amount per bean beetle x (ppm)/ number of bb = ppm/bb every 15 mins = [x / # of bb] / 15 every 1 hour = [x/ #of bb] x 4 every sec = [x / # of bb] / 60 - used loggerpro prgm; used CO2 probe Are viruses alive? - correct answers.- depends on what you argue - relies on a host cell to reproduce What is science? - correct answers.- latin "to know" - asking questions about nature - believe questions can be answered Steps of the Scientific Method - correct answers.1) Make an Observation 2) Ask a question 3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement) - accept (agree with conclusions) - reject (disagree, continue testing) 4) Exeperimental Design/ testing 5) Form a conclusion Control in a experiment - correct answers.- must always have a control - does not have variables - does not change; will not be affected What is a scientific theory? - correct answers.- not just an explanation for something - has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed, etc. - generally accepted by whole scientific community - ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter pH - correct answers.- measures acids and bases - scale from 0-14 -acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7 -neutral : 7 - basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14 - most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc. are most likely basic - plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of defense against predators Who is Francesco Redi? - correct answers.- conducted first "controlled" experiment