Cybersecurity Interview Questions and Answers 2024 - Networking Already Passed!!

Cybersecurity Interview Questions and Answers 2024 - Networking Already Passed!! We will start with a set of cyber security interview questions based on networking. 01. What is the OSI model? Explain the different layers of the OSI model. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model that describes how applications interact with each other over a computer network. It has seven layers; they are as shown below: 1. Physical Layer: This is the lowest level of the OSI model. Here, data is converted into an electrical impulse and sent through a physical medium. It is also responsible for the physical connection between the devices. 2. Data Link Layer: Here, the data packet is encoded and decoded into bits. This layer looks into h d d d l f Course Recommendations Salary Guides Personalized Newsletters Surprise Rewards Level-Up Your Experience For Free! By clicking ”OK”, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and improve marketing. Find out more Cybersecurity Interview Questions and Answers 2024 - Networking Already Passed!! the node to node delivery of a message. 3. Network Layer: In this layer, datagrams are transferred from one to another. The functions here are routing and logical addressing. 4. Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for end-to-end connections. The data in this layer is called segments. This is where TCP and UDP protocols work. 5. Session Layer: This layer controls signals between computers. The session layer establishes, maintains, and ends connections between processes. 6. Presentation Layer: It is responsible for translating data into the application layer format. Here, the data is formatted, encrypted, and then sent to the next layer. 7. Application Layer: Finally, here, services are provided to the end-users. The application layer deals with any sort of data that the application of a machine generates, like a user input such as a password, and so on. 02. De ne Unicasting, Multicasting, and Broadcasting. Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast are the three methods by which we transmit data over a network. 1. Unicast: It sends the information from a single user to a single receiver. We use this for pointto-point communications. 2. Multicast: Here, data is sent from one or more sources to multiple destinations. 3. Broadcast: Broadcast is known as one-to-all, i.e., the communication is between a single user and several receivers. 03. What is DNS? DNS stands for Domain Name System. It maps the domain name into its corresponding IP address. As seen below, the DNS server provides the website's IP address. 04. What is a Firewall? It is software or hardware that blocks incoming or outgoing tra c from the internet to your computer. They are responsible for securing a network. The gure above shows how good tra c is allowed to enter the user's network. Similarly, the gure below shows how the rewall blocks the bad tra c, thereby protecting the user's network. A few common types of rewalls are: 1. Packet- ltering Firewalls: These are the most common type of rewalls that analyze packets and let them pass through only if they match an established security rule-set. 2. Proxy Firewalls: They lter network tra c at the application level. 3. Stateful Multilayer Inspection (SMLI) Firewalls: These lter packets at the network, transport, and application layers. Here, the packets are compared to the known trusted packets. 05. What is a VPN? VPN is also called a Virtual Private Network; it connects a VPN server and a VPN client. It creates a safe encrypted tunnel across the internet. As seen below, the user has a VPN client installed on the machine. The VPN client then creates an encrypted tunnel to the VPN server; thus, information is received and sent to the internet securely. 06. What are the advantages of distributed processing? Distributed processing describes various computer systems that use more than one processor to run an application. Multiple computers across different locations share the same processor. The advantages of distributed processing are: 1. Data Recovery: When one computer loses data, another interconnected computer can recover this loss of data. 2. Reliability: Any glitch in one machine does not affect the processing since it will use several other machines. 3. Lower Cost: Several cost-effective minicomputers are used instead of using costlier mainframe machines. 4. Easy to expand: Depending on the data processing amount, we can attach additional computers to the network. Develop Your Cybersecurity Career with the IIT-K Free Webinar | 6 February, Wednesday | 9 PM IST