NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Week 6 Quiz Review

is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Fibromyalgia Ankylosing spondylitis Paget disease Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (spondyloarthritis) is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion (ankylosis) of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, what are the effects of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs) and receptor activator of RANKL on osteoblasts and osteoclasts? ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoclasts and decrease the life span of osteoblasts. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoblasts and decrease the life span of osteoclasts. ERKs increase the life span of osteoclasts and RANKL decreases the life span of osteoblasts. ERKs increase the life span of osteoblasts and RANKL decreases the life span of osteoclasts. In addition to ERKs, RANKL is required for the antiapoptotic and thus longer life span of osteoclasts. These effects increase the life span of osteoclasts (i.e., longer bone resorbing) and shorten the life span of the bone-forming cells, or osteoblasts. Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by lysis of skeletal muscle cells through the initiation of the complement cascade. paralysis of skeletal muscles resulting from impaired nerve supply. smooth muscle degeneration resulting from ischemia. release of myoglobin from damaged striated muscle cells. Muscle cell damage releases the myoglobin. A(n) fracture is a fracture at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality, usually by a force that would not normally cause a fracture. incomplete idiopathic pathologic greenstick A pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force that would not fracture a normal bone. Which disorder is characterized by the formation of abnormal new bone at an accelerated rate beginning with excessive resorption of spongy bone? Osteosarcoma Paget disease Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Paget disease (osteitis deformans) is a state of increased metabolic activity in bone characterized by abnormal and excessive bone remodeling, both resorption and formation. Chronic accelerated remodeling eventually enlarges and softens the affected bones. By the time osteoporosis is visible on x-ray, up to % of bone has been lost. 60 50 30 40