Test Bank For The Dental Hygienists Guide to Nutritional Care 4th Edition By Cynthia A. Stegeman 2024

Chapter 03: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Each of the following is a portion of the alimentary canal except one. Which one is the exception? a. Oral cavity b. Pharynx c. Larynx d. Esophagus e. Small intestine ANS: C The larynx is not a portion of the alimentary canal. This tubular structure is approximately 30 feet long and comprises all the body parts through which food passes. REF: p. 51 2. The small intestine is comprised of the cecum, colon, and rectum. The large intestine includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true; the second is false. d. The first statement is false; the second is true. ANS: B The statements are reversed. The small intestine is comprised of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The large intestine includes the cecum, colon, and rectum. REF: p. 51 3. Mechanical aspects of digestion include chewing and hypergeusia. Mechanical actions involve peristalsis, voluntary waves of contraction traveling the whole length of the alimentary tract. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true; the second is false. d. The first statement is false; the second is true. ANS: B Mechanical aspects of digestion include chewing and peristalsis. Peristalsis is a series of involuntary rhythmic waves of contraction traveling the whole length of the alimentary tract. Note that hypergeusia is a condition where the sense of taste is heightened. REF: p. 51 4. Each of the following is true of enzymes except one. Which one is the exception? a. Enzymes are complex proteins that are very specific. b. Enzymes regulate metabolic reactions so that they proceed slowly and thoroughly. c. Enzymatic reactions require a substrate. d. Only small amounts of an enzyme is needed to complete a reaction. ANS: B Enzymes enable metabolic reactions to proceed at a faster rate without being exhausted. Enzymes function similar to keys: they are highly specific and function on only one substrate, similar to a key fitting a particular lock. When the reaction is completed, the complex separates, releasing new chemical compounds and the enzyme. REF: p. 51 5. Loss of smell results in a condition that limits capacity to detect flavor of food and beverages called: a. hypergeusia. b. dysgeusia. c. anosmia. d. phantom taste. e. peristalsis. ANS: C Anosmia, or loss of smell, results in limited capacity to detect flavor of food and beverage. Upper respiratory infections, nasal or sinus problems, and neurological disorders can cause anosmia. Hypergeusia is heightened taste acuity. Dysgeusia is persistent, abnormal distortion of taste. Phantom taste is dysgeusia without identifiable taste stimuli. Peristalsis is a mechanical action involved in digestion. It involves involuntary rhythmic waves of contraction in the alimentary tract. REF: p. 54 6. Gluten sensitivity, an allergic condition, is an example of a systemic condition. Gluten sensitive patients develop impairment of the small intestine. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true; the second is false. d. The first statement is false; the second is true. ANS: B Gluten sensitivity is an example of a systemic condition because it qualifies as a disease or disorder that affects the w