Simutext: Mendelian Pigs Questions and Answers Updated 2024 A+.

Simutext: Mendelian Pigs Questions and Answers Updated 2024 A+. Explain the general pathway of eukaryotic Membrane protein production - in the nucleus of a diploid cell there are 2 alleles. They are both transcribed by RNA polymerase into premRNA. The premRNA is spliced and exits the nucleus where it is associated w/ a tRNA w/ the corresponding anticodon, causing the tRNA (linked to an amino acid) to bind to the ribosome. The mRNA does this by itself binding to the ribosome. The polypedide chain is synthesized. Ribosomes are attached to the rough ER. When polypeptides are made on the ribosomes, they then enter the ER lumen, where they fold into their final form. They are packaged into small vesicles that bud off the rough ER, and travel to the Golgi Complex. Here they fuse to the Golgi, release their contents into the folds (cisternae) and are chemically modified. They then bud off in vesicles and go to the cell membrane. What are crosses btw. F1 and P called? - Back crosses What is pheomelanin? - red-yellow pigment what is eumelanin/ - black pigment What is the proper term for skin cells? - Keratinocytes How is the type of melanin made modulated? - The MCIR protein in the melanocyte membrane. This protein is triggered by hormones, which plug into or block its binding site, determining the melanin made What happens when MCIR is? - cyclic AMP (cAMP) si high and eumelanosomes are made. Agouli signalling protein (ASP) is released by nearby cells due to high cAMP. The ASP inactivates the MCIR and cAMP levels fall. Once low enough, pheomelanosomes are made. Once the ASP releases from the MCIR, cAMP will increase again=eumelanosomes What does the W (recessive) allele do? - Responds to ASP, switching the MCIR on and off, making both types of melanin. When both types accumulate in the kerationcyte=brown skin .