Certified Stroke Rehabilitation Specialist (CSRS 2023) Questions With Complete Solutions

Types of stroke (Lesson 2) - Correct Answer Ischemic: 87% -Thrombotic -Embolic -Lacunar Hemorrhagic: 13% -Intracerebral -Subarachnoid Thrombotic Stroke (Ischemic) - Correct Answer 48% of all strokes -typically occurs during sleep -slow progressive onset of deficits -50% are associated with prior TIA Embolic Stroke (Ischemic) - Correct Answer 26% of all strokes -typically occurs while awake -sudden, immediate deficits (sometimes seizures) -11% are associated with prior TIA Lucunar Stroke (Ischemic) small vessel disease - Correct Answer 13% of all strokes -small infarct (15-20 cm) deep in the brain -onset can be gradual or sudden -23% associated with proceeding TIA -often pure sensory or motor symptoms -typically no higher cortical functional involved Intracerebral Hemmorhage (ICH) - Correct Answer 10% of all strokes -90% happen with the patient is under "no stress" -major cause of "hypertension" -onset may be gradual or sudden -8% are associated with prior TIA -direct correlation with high blood pressure/ hypertension Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) - Correct Answer 3% of all stroke -occurs often during strenuous activity -cause: rupture aneurysms and vascular malformations -sudden onset -7% are associated with preceding TIA Left Stroke with Right Hemiplegia - Correct Answer -Language/Perceptual problems -expressive aphasia -receptive aphasia -global aphasia -alexia, agraphia , acalculia -apraxias: motor planning perceptual problems (Impaired verbal and math skills with word letter discrimination Left Stroke with Right Hemiplegia (BEHAVIORS) - Correct Answer -Slow, anxious, cautious, normal attention span -underestimated abilities -emotionally labile ( abrupt mood changes) -quick to anger and/or become frustrated Right Stroke with Left Hemiplegia - Correct Answer Perceptual problems/ Distortion of physical reality -visual spatial disorders :depth perception -constructional relationships -directional concepts -neglect, drawing abilities -body schema perception disorders; -perceptual language disorders language Right Stroke with Left Hemiplegia (BEHAVIORS) - Correct Answer -fast and impulsive -short attention span -overestimate abilities/ judgement -denial of illness (anosognosia) -lack of inhibition -inability to express emotions /affect is flat Cerebrum - Correct Answer -frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes -consisting of two hemispheres, left and right, separated by a fissure -responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity in the body. initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature. Other areas of the cerebrum enable speech, judgment, thinking and reasoning, problem-solving, emotions and learning. Frontal Lobe - Correct Answer -controls voluntary movement -thinking problem solving -reasoning judgement -personality Primary Motor Cortex (motor homunculus) - Correct Answer -located on the pre-central gyrus -controls voluntary movement -lesion to this area results in motor deficits and/or paralysis to the contralateral side of the body Premotor Cortex - Correct Answer -located just anterior to the primary motor cortex -controls actions of trunk and proximal limb muscles -responsible for body part ownership -lesion to this area result in unilateral neglect