Updated Esp Adult Echo Practice With Complete Solutions Revised 2024

1) The congential cardiac anomaly seen most frequently in adults is: a) Ebstein's anomaly b) bicuspid aortic valve c) ventricular septal defect d) endocardial cushion defect - ANSWER B) bicuspid aortic valve 2) Which echocardiographic window is used in the detection and assessment of the inferior vena cava? a) apical b) subcostal c) parasternal d) suprasternal - ANSWER B) subcostal 3) What is the number and location of the papillary muscles of a normal mitral valve? a) one; the posteromedial b) two; the posteromedial and anterolateral c) two; the inferolateral and posteromedial d) three; the anterolateral, posteromedial, and inferolateral - ANSWER B) two; the inferolateral and anterolateral 4) Clinically, prolapse of the mitral valve is associated with: a) opening snap and systolic murmur b) diastolic murmur and third heart sound c) fixed splitting of the second heart sound d) midsystolic click and / or late systolic murmur - ANSWER D) midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur 5) Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from: a) Dressler's syndrome b) ischemic heart disease c) bacterial endocarditis d) rheumatic heart disease - ANSWER B) ischemic heart disease 6) In order to record the vegetation's of endocarditis by echocardiography, the vegetation's must have a diameter of at least: a) one centimeter b) three millimeters c) there centimeters d) five millimeters - ANSWER B) three millimeters 7) How many veins connect the pulmonary vascular bred with the left atrium in the normal heart? a) one b) two c) three d) four - ANSWER D) four 8) Which M-mode finding is considered to be a specific indicator of a fenestrated aortic valve? a) diastolic flutter of the mitral valve b) premature opening of the aortic valve c) diastolic flutter of the aortic valve d) early systolic closure of the aortic valve - ANSWER C) diastolic flutter of the aortic valve 9) Which cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echocardiogram of patients with Marfan's syndrome? a) mitral stenosis and pericardial effusion b) mitral valve prolapse and aortic dilatation c) left ventricular aneurysm and thrombus d) dilatation of the pulmonary artery and pulmonic stenosis - ANSWER B) mitral valve prolapse and aortic dilatation 10) Which term is used to describe a segment of ventricular wall that exhibits no motion? a) akinesis b) dyskinesis c) hypokinesis d) hyperkinesis - ANSWER A) akinesis 11) A true aneurysm of the left ventricule can usually be distinguished from a pseudoaneurysm because a pseudoaneurysm: a) has a smaller, more narrow neck than a true aneurysm b) never contains thrombi whereas a true aneurysm always contains a layered thrombus c) is always larger in overall size than a true aneurysm - ANSWER a) has a smaller, more narrow neck than a true aneurysm 12) Which type of cardiomyopathy is associated with amyloidosis? a) congestive b) restrictive c) hypertrophic d) infiltrative - ANSWER D) infiltrative 13) In a patient with carcinoid heart disease, the cardiac sonographer must devote special attention to identifying abnormalities of the: a) aortic arch b) aortic valve c) mitral valve d) tricuspid valve - ANSWER D) tricuspid valve 14) Which 2-D echocardiographic view is best for identifying the malformed tricuspid valve apparatus that characterizes Ebstein's anomaly: a) apical two chamber b) apial four chamber c) parasternal long axis d) parasternal short axis - ANSWER B) apical four chamber