MTTC Science Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Magnetism - Answer Magnetism describes the property of attraction due to a magnetic field which is caused by electrically charged particles. A magnet has two poles referred to as the North and South poles. Opposite poles are attracted to each other and like poles will push away from each other. Rocks and Minerals - Answer Igneous Magma cools and hardens Granite Sedimentary Bits of sediment (small rocks, sand, fossils, shells, etc.) are compressed into layered rock over time Sandstone Metamorphic Any type of rock morphs due to heat and pressure to create a new rock Marble Weathering - Answer Weathering occurs when rock breaks down due to environmental forces such as the weather. Erosion - Answer Erosion occurs when broken-down rock is carried away by wind or water. One result of erosion is the formation of soil. Water Cycle - Answer The water cycle is the process by which water moves from the Earth's surface into the atmosphere and back again. Evaporation—liquid water on the Earth's surface is warmed and becomes water vapor Condensation—water cools and turns into cloud droplets Precipitation—liquid water falls from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail Runoff—precipitation that lands on the ground flows to join a larger body of water Earth Atmosphere - Answer Earth's atmosphere has several important functions, including: Absorbing energy from the sun Insulating the Earth, keeping it warm while also protecting it from the sun's direct rays Recycling water and gases needed to sustain life Maintaining the climate Solar System - Answer Our solar system is centered on one star, known as the sun. Around the sun, eight planets revolve in elliptical orbits, held in place by the sun's gravitational pull. One trip around the sun is known as a revolution. On Earth, one revolution takes one year. In addition to moving around the sun, Earth also spins on its axis. This is called rotation. On Earth, one complete rotation takes one day. Axis/Tilt of the Earth - Answer The Earth's axis is tilted, which means that the Earth faces the sun at an MTTC® Elementary Education Copyright © by TeachingS. All rights reserved. angle. The tilt of the Earth affects the seasons. When a hemisphere (Northern or Southern) is tilted toward the sun, it experiences summer. When a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, it experiences winter. This is why the two hemispheres experience their seasons at opposite times of year. Moon - Answer The Moon takes 28 days to revolve around the Earth. During this cycle, the Moon's appearance from Earth changes, depending on the relative positions of the Moon, Earth, and sun. Eclipse - Answer Sometimes the Moon, Earth, and sun all align so that one body blocks the sun's light from the other. These events are called eclipses. Lunar Eclipse - Answer In a lunar eclipse, the Earth comes between the sun and the Moon, it blocks the sun's light from reaching the Moon.