Dante Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Dante Questions and Answers 100% Pass What audio sample rates are supported by Dante? Dante supports most common sample rates from 44.1kHz to 192kHz. On a Dante network, there must be a different clock leader for each sample rate on the network. False. One Clock Master will provide synchronization to all Dante devices, regardless of their individual sample-rates or frame rates.. A 1Gbps network switch can manage more Dante channels than a single 1Gbps link can. False. The maximum amount of channels in a 1Gbps network switch is 512x512 at 96kHz. A Dante audio subscription (connection) can be established between two Dante interfaces operating at different audio sample rates. False. Each Dante interface can only operate at one sample rate at a time. If a sample rate converter is employed, it will sit behind the Dante network port. Dante audio is sent: Uncompressed, bit-perfect. Roughly how many channels of 24-bit, 48kHz audio can be carried on a 1 Gbps connection? 512x512 The sample rate of an audio system dictates: the audio resolution in time. According to the Nyquist Theorem, the sample rate must be at least twice the highest audio frequency to be captured. An audio subscription (connection) can be established between two Dante interfaces operating at different bit depths Like most digital audio devices, Dante devices will usually be able to add missing bits or truncate extraneous bits to match the expected internal operation. The bit depth of an audio system dictates: the resolution of the audio signal's amplitude. A greater bit depth increases dynamic range. If we increase the sample rate of a device from 48KHz to 96KHz, what is the impact to the network? A 96kHz subscription will require (roughly) twice as much bandwidth as a 48kHz subscription. Dante AV devices sends and receives audio uncompressed so it is completely compatible with Dante audio devices. True. As audio and video are transported separately as independent essences, it is possible for a Dante AV device to send its audio channels to a Dante Audio device and vice-versa. What factors significantly affect the overall bandwidth demands of a compressed video flow? (Select all that apply.) The video frame resolution (i.e. - 1080p vs 4K) The chroma sampling (i.e. - 4:4:4 vs 4:2:0) The frame rate (ie 24fps vs 60fps) On a Dante network, a single clock leader is established to manage all audio sample rates and video frame rates. True. A single Clock Leader on the network is able to keep all followers synchronised, regardless of their sample-rates or frame-rates. Interlaced video draws all the odd lines, then all the even lines. This creates two "fields" for each frame. TRUE. The interlaced signal contains two fields of a video frame captured consecutively. This enhances motion perception to the viewer, and reduces flicker. The JPEG 2000 codec initially included in the Dante AV module is used in 65% of digital cinema rooms today. It is visually lossless, supporting both video and computer graphics (like spreadsheets and slide presentations). True. The JPEG2000 offers sharp quality and intense colour definition with a visual accuracy adopted by most professional uses. The JPEG 2000 codec commonly used in Dante AV processes video frames in groups. If a packet is corrupted, the picture will automatically recover when the current group of frames ends and the next keyframe arrives. It could be several frames. False. The JPEG2000 codec is the best example of intraframe encoding, applying a compression algorithm to each frame captured individually, not built up from multiple frames, so they can be compressed and transmitted out quickly to reduce latency. In Dante AV, with the JPEG2000 codec and a 1 Gbps connection, what resolution and frame rates are currently supported? Up to 4K (4096 x 2160) at 60fps Which answer best describes the JPEG2000 encoding process? There is a "visually lossless" impact on the first encoding, but JPEG 2000 can decode and encode over and over with no further loss. Dante AV devices have a scaler in it. What does the scaler affect? The scaler can adapt screen resolution. (i.e. - it can scale a 4K source to 1080p for display) Dante AV can support multiple codecs. However, the initial products will transport video in what format? Compressed using a visually lossless JPEG2000 codec. A broadcast network transmission transmits from one to everyone on the network. If you don't know the PIN to unlock a Dante device with "Device Lock" engaged, can it be recovered? Yes. Connect to the computer directly to the Dante device (or make sure the two are the only things connected to a switch) and wait two minutes. Dante Controller will then allow you to unlock the device. When commissioning or doing maintenance on a system with redundant networks, which is a good practice? Connect one network at a time, and verify that the devices are not set to switched mode. DSCP values range from 0-63. What is that used for in QoS? When configuring the switch, you can determine which DSCP values will lead to which queue. Quality of Service (QoS) allows some traffic to be prioritized over others. When would be a good time to consider engaging QoS? (Select all that apply) Whenever 100 Mbps Dante devices are on the network. When ports begin to approach saturation, say around 60%-80%. When we have traffic a converged network, so there is something to de-prioritize. A network that carries multiple, possibly unrelated data types (like internet, VoIP, Dante, etc.) is: called a converged network. What can Dante Firmware Updater (part of Dante Controller) do for us? (Select all that apply.) It can do a quick scan of devices on your network, compare it to our online database and tell you if firmware updates are available for any devices. It can update the Dante firmware on a device, but check with the manufacturer's web site for update instructions. Some devices may require other firmware to be updated before the Dante firmware. When configuring IGMP Snooping, how many switches should be IGMP Querier(s)? One - there can be only one. Audinate engineers invented the idea of using Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to synchronize audio/video devices. How does it work? The clock leader distributes a date-time reference with incredible accuracy. Each device then derrives the required sample rates and/or frame rates from this date-time reference. If a multicast packet is sent on an unmanaged network, what will happen? The multicast packet will propagate to every port on the network - it will behave similarly to broadcast. Is it possible to verify Dante traffic performance? Yes, Dante Controller's latency screen will show packet arrival times. If it doesn't make it within the latency window, it counts as a "late packet". Suppose a switch has 8 queues on it. Which queue number would typically have the highest priority? 8 HC and IP Core 512x512 Brooklyn II 64x64 Dante AV 1x8 Ultimo-X 4x0, 2x2, 0x4 Broadway 16x16 PCIe Card 128x128 When should IGMP snooping (or other multicast management) be considered for a Dante network? When the estimated multicast bandwidth may approach a network port's saturation point, impacting performance. Dante multicast can be managed with IGMP Snooping v2 or v3. True TCP A connection with delivery verification. Good for general internet traffic where dropped packets are likely. UDP A one-way transmission with no delivery verification. Suitable for LANs where traffic is under your control and interruptions are unlikely. Preferred for real-time networks for lower overhead and lower latency. A multicast network transmission: can trim the distribution list with IGMP snooping. If you mix switches with and without IGMP filter, what will happen? (Select all that apply) Switches without IGMP will forward Multicast to all their ports. Switches with IGMP will not forward unrequested Multicast. Broadcast Multicast Unicast From one to all From one to many (with IGMP) From one to one If a switch has 10x 1Gbps ports, how much switching capacity would a switch need to be considered "non-blocking"? 20Gbps Audinate engineers invented the idea of using Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to synchronize audio/video devices. How does it work?