REVISED PHARMACOLOGY (VTNE) FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

REVISED PHARMACOLOGY (VTNE) FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What adverse side effect can occur in cats given metoclopramide? Cyanosis Dilated and fixed pupils Aggressive behavior Estrus behavior - CORRECT ANSWER -*Aggressive behavior* Explanation - Rare side effects that can occur are nervous, jittery, or aggressive behaviors. The antidote for these types of behaviors is diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Head bobbing can also rarely occur as a side effect of Reglan (metoclopramide). A 20-kg patient is being sent home on famotidine to help with potential esophagitis. How many 10 mg tablets should be sent home with the owner, if the patient requires 0.5 mg/kg PO BID x 7 days? 14 40 21 7 - CORRECT ANSWER -*14* Explanation - To correctly answer the question, the following math should have been performed: 20 kg x (0.5 mg/kg) = 10 mg (This is the amount the patient needs per dose, which is equivalent to 1 tablet.) 1 x 2= 2 (This is the number of pills needed per day, since the dosing is BID.) 2 x 7= 14 (This is the number of pills needed for the 7 day treatment course.) Which drug is known as an ACE-inhibitor? Metoclopramide Enalapril Diphenhydramine Acepromazine - CORRECT ANSWER -*Enalapril * Explanation - Ace-inhibitors like enalapril are vasodilators which block angiotensin-converting enzyme to prevent angiotensin II (a vacosconstrictor) and aldosterone (causes sodium retention) from forming. Ace-inhibitors help to relax smooth muscle in the arterioles and veins. They are most commonly used in cases of heart and kidney disease. -Note that ace-inhibitor drugs usually end in a "pril" (benazapril, captopril, enalapril, etc.)