NCLEX PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED TO PASS - EXAM 1

A nurse is providing care based on Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs. For which nursing activities is this approach useful? a. Making accurate nursing diagnoses b. Establishing priorities of care c. Communicating concerns more concisely d. Integrating science into nursing care - b. Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs is useful for establishing priorities of care. The nurse is prioritizing nursing care for a patient in a long-term care facility. Which examples of nursing interventions help meet physiologic needs? Select all that apply. a. Preventing falls in the facility b. Changing a patient's oxygen tank c. Providing materials for a patient who likes to draw d. Helping a patient eat his dinner e. Facilitating a visit from a spouse f. Referring a patient to a cancer support group. - b, d. Physiologic needs—oxygen, water, food, elimination, temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest—must be met at least minimally to maintain life. Providing food and oxygen are examples of interventions to meet these needs. Preventing falls helps meet safety and security needs, providing art supplies may help meet self-actualization needs, facilitating visits from loved ones helps meet self-esteem needs, and referring a patient to a support group helps meet love and belonging needs. The nurse caring for patients postoperatively uses careful hand hygiene and sterile techniques when handling patients. Which of Maslow's basic human needs is being met by this nurse? a. Physiologic b. Safety and security c. Self-esteem d. Love and belonging - b. By carrying out careful hand hygiene and using sterile technique, nurses provide safety from infection. An example of a physiologic need is clearing a patient's airway. Self-esteem needs may be met by allowing an older adult to talk about a past career. An example of helping meet a love and belonging need is contacting a hospitalized patient's family to arrange a visit. The nurse caring for patients in a long-term care facility knows that the highest level on Maslow's hierarchy of needs is self-actualization needs. Which statements accurately describe the achievement of self-actualization? Select all that apply. a. Humans are born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization. b. Self-actualization needs are met by depending on others for help. c. The self-actualization process continues throughout life. d. Loneliness and isolation occur when self-actualization needs are unmet. e. A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside self. f. Self-actualization needs may be met by creatively solving problems. - c, e, f. Self-actualization, or reaching one's full potential, is a process that continues throughout life. A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside oneself and using creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests. Humans are not born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization, and self-actualization needs are not met specifically by depending on others for help. Loneliness and isolation are not always the result of unmet self-actualization needs. A nurse works with families in crisis at a community mental health care facility. What is the best broad definition of a family? a. A father, a mother, and children b. A group whose members are biologically related c. A unit that includes aunts, uncles, and cousins d. A group of people who live together and depend on each other for support - d. Although all the responses may be true, the best definition is a group of people who live together and depend on each other for physical, emotional, or financial support. A nurse performs an assessment of a family consisting of a single mother, a grandmother, and two children. Which interview questions directed to the single mother could the nurse use to assess the affective and coping family function? Select all that apply. a. Who is the person you depend on for emotional support? b. Who is the breadwinner in your family? c. Do you plan on having any more children? d. Who keeps your family together in times of stress? e. What family traditions do you pass on to your children? f. Do you live in an environment that you consider safe? - a, d. The five major areas of family function are physical, economic, reproductive, affective and coping, and socialization. Asking who provides emotional support in times of stress assesses the affective and coping function. Assessing the breadwinner focuses on the economic function. Inquiring about having more children assesses the reproductive function, asking about family traditions assesses the socialization function, and checking the environment assesses the physical function. The nurse caring for families in a free health care clinic identifies psychosocial risk factors for altered family health. Which example describes one of these risk factors? a. The family does not have dental care insurance or resources to pay for it. b. Both parents work and leave a 12-year old child to care for his younger brother. c. Both parents and their children are considerably overweight. d. The youngest member of the family has cerebral palsy and needs assistance from community services. - b. Inadequate childcare resources is a psychosocial risk factor. Not having access to dental care and obese family members are lifestyle risk factors. Having a family member with birth defects is a biologic risk factor. Shuba and Raul are a couple in their late seventies. According to Duvall, which developmental task is appropriate for this older adult family? a. Maintain a supportive home base b. Strengthen marital relationships c. Cope with loss of energy and privacy d. Adjust to retirement - d. The developmental tasks of the family with older adults are to adjust to retirement and possibly to adjust to the loss of a spouse and loss of independent living. Maintaining a supportive home base and strengthening marital relationships are tasks of the family with adolescents and young adults. Coping with loss of energy and privacy is a task of the family with children. A visiting nurse performs a community assessment in an area of the city in which the nurse will be working. What is one element of a healthy community? a. Meets all the needs of its inhabitants b. Has mixed residential and industrial areas c. Offers access to health care services d. Has modern housing and condominiums - c.A healthy community offers access to health care services to treat illness and to promote health. A healthy community does not usually meet all the needs of its residents, but should be able to help with health issues such as nutrition, education, recreation, safety, and zoning regulations to separate residential sections from industrial ones. The age of housing is irrelevant as long as residences are maintained properly according to code. A nurse is practicing community-based nursing in a mobile health clinic. What would be the central focus of this nurse's care? a. Individual and family health care needs b. Populations within the community c. Local health care facilities d. Families in crisis - a. In contrast to community health nursing, whichfocuses on populations within a community, community-based nursing is centered on individual and family health care needs. Community-based nurses may help families in crisis and work in health care facilities, but these are not the focus of community-based nursing A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible cerebral aneurysm following a loss of consciousness in the emergency room. The nurse anticipates preparing the patient for ordered diagnostic tests. This nurse's knowledge of the diagnostic procedures for this condition reflects which aspect of nursing? a. The art of nursing b. The science of nursing c. The caring aspect of nursing d. The holistic approach to nursing - b. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for care that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic care to patients based on the science of nursing is considered the art of nursing. Which nurse who was influential in the development of nursing in North America is regarded as the founder of American nursing? a. Clara Barton b. Lillian Wald c. Lavinia Dock d. Florence Nightingale - d. Florence Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Clara Barton established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Lillian Wald is the founder of public health nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing leader and women's rights activist instrumental in womens' right to vote. In early civilizations, the theory of animism attempted to explain the mysterious changes occurring in bodily functions. Which statement describes a component of the development of nursing that occurred in this era? a. Women who committed crimes were recruited into nursing the sick in lieu of serving jail sentences. b. Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and their role in meeting those needs. c. Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the sick and male religious orders cared for the sick and buried the dead. d. The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal remedies. - d. The theory of animism was based on the belief that everything in nature was alive with invisible forces and endowed with power. In this era, the nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. At the beginning of the 16th century the shortage of nurses led to the recruitment of women who had committed crimes to provide nursing care instead of going to jail. In the early Christian period, women called deaconesses made the first organized visits to sick people, and members of male religious orders gave nursing care and buried the dead. The influences of Florence Nightingale were apparent from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century; one of her accomplishments was identifying the personal needs of the patient and the nurse's role in meeting those needs. World War II had a tremendous effect on the nursing profession. Which development occurred during this period? a. The role of the nurse was broadened. b. There was a decreased emphasis on education. c. Nursing was practiced mainly in hospital settings. d. There was an overabundance of nurses. - a. During World War II, large numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and assertive, which led to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a need for more nurses and resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and technology. This trend broadened the role of nurses to include practicing in a wide variety of health care settings. Which phrase describes a purpose of the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy Statement? Select all that apply. a. To describe the nurse as a dependent caregiver b. To provide standards for nursing educational programs c. To define the scope of nursing practice d. To establish a knowledge base for nursing practice e. To describe nursing's social responsibility f. To regulate nursing research - c, d, e. The ANA Social Policy Statement (2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing, the knowledge base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional nursing practice, and the regulation of professional nursing. One of the four broad aims of nursing practice is to restore health. Which examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply. a. A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program. b. A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest. c. A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin. d. A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive. e. A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer. f. A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school. - a, b, c. Activities to restore health focus on the individual with an illness and range from early detection of a disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug counseling, teaching patients how to administer their medications, and performing range-of-motion exercises for bedridden patients. Recommending a yoga class for stress reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a nutrition class is a goal of promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability and death.