GCD EXAM 2 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

GCD EXAM 2 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS In ________________, the closer that the -10 DNA sequence (also called a Pribnow Box) and the -35 sequence are to a consensus sequence, the stronger the promotor. - ANSWER>bacteria Eukaryotic Pol III RNA polymerase synthesizes __________________. - ANSWER>tRNA, 5SRNA, and Alu transposons _____________ acts as a helicase to form an open complex and also phosphorylates RNA pol II - ANSWER>TFIIH A protein's ______________ structure is its amino acid sequence. - ANSWER>primary During __________________an endonuclease recognizes the AAUAAA sequence and cleaves the RNA 20 nucleotides downstream of this sequence. - ANSWER>tailing __________________________can splice in the absence of protein but requires a guanosine nucleoside. group one intron splicing - ANSWER>group one introns A protein only has a _________ structure if it consists of more that one polypeptide - ANSWER>quaternary Eukaryotic Pol I RNA polymerase synthesizes the _________. - ANSWER>rRNa except 5S RNA ___________ binds to the TATA box. - ANSWER>TFIID To produce a charged tRNA, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase utilizes: A. an amino acid, a nucleotide, and ATP. B. a tRNA, an amino acid, and ATP. C. a tRNA, deoxyribose, and ATP. D. a tRNA, an amino acid, and deoxyribose. - ANSWER>B A mutation introduces a stop codon into the middle of a gene that encodes a polypeptide. Which of the following is not true? A. The mRNA would be shorter. B. All of the other three options are true. C. The polypeptide would be shorter. D. The rate of transcription would be unaffected. - ANSWER>A Allolactose is a ___________ that __________ transcription. A. small effector molecule, inhibits B. regulatory protein, enhances. C. regulatory protein, inhibits D. small effector molecule, enhances - ANSWER>A When an E. coli cell is exposed to glucose, how does this affect the regulation of the lac operon via CAP? A. cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is decreased. B. cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is decreased. C. cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is increased. D. cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is increased. - ANSWER>B Translation can be regulated by: A. both translational repressor proteins and antisense RNA that can bind mRNA. B. translational repressor proteins that bind mRNA. C. antisense RNA. D. phosphorylation of the mRNA. - ANSWER>A Which of the following does not happen for CREB protein to activate a gene? A. The binding of a small effector molecule to the CREB protein B. All of the other three options happen. C. Covalent modification of the CREB protein D. Protein-protein interaction (e.g., dimer formation) - ANSWER>A ________ and acetylation are examples of a reversible protein modification. - ANSWER>phosphorylation, methylation ________ links distant enhancers and silencers to core promotors. - ANSWER>mediator The ________ motif is used by some proteins to form dimers. - ANSWER>leucine zipper Three alternative types of repressive chromatin can be distinguished from the others by: A. (1) H3K36me3, (2) H3K9me3, (3) H3K27me3 B. (1) H3K4me3, (2) H3K9me3, (3) H3K27me3 C. (1) HP1, (2) PRC1, (3) H3K27me3 D. (1) HP1, (2) PRC1, (3) DNA methylation - ANSWER>A Exposure of Avy mice to alcohol until shortly before giving birth results in A. A higher proportion of (pseudo)agouti coat color in the pups B. A higher proportion yellow/orange coat color in the pups C. No difference in the proportion of (pseudo)agouti and yellow/orange coat color in the pups - ANSWER>A The heterochromatin at the beta-globin locus is called _________________ - ANSWER>facultative heterochromatin The _________________ deletes the LCR that causes the entire region to be remodeled into euchromatin but leaves all beta globin genes intact. - ANSWER>hispanic deletion ___________ exists in and around the centromere. - ANSWER>constitutive heterochromatin 3 methyl groups on Lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) causes the nucleosome to be bound by - ANSWER>polycomb protein complex 1