GCD EXAM 2 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

GCD EXAM 2 WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS In ________________, the closer that the -10 DNA sequence (also called a Pribnow Box) and the -35 sequence are to a consensus sequence, the stronger the promotor. - ANSWERbacteria Eukaryotic Pol III RNA polymerase synthesizes __________________. - ANSWERtRNA, 5SRNA, and Alu transposons _____________ acts as a helicase to form an open complex and also phosphorylates RNA pol II - ANSWERTFIIH A protein's ______________ structure is its amino acid sequence. - ANSWERprimary During __________________an endonuclease recognizes the AAUAAA sequence and cleaves the RNA 20 nucleotides downstream of this sequence. - ANSWERtailing __________________________can splice in the absence of protein but requires a guanosine nucleoside. group one intron splicing - ANSWERgroup one introns A protein only has a _________ structure if it consists of more that one polypeptide - ANSWERquaternary Eukaryotic Pol I RNA polymerase synthesizes the _________. - ANSWERrRNa except 5S RNA ___________ binds to the TATA box. - ANSWERTFIID To produce a charged tRNA, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase utilizes: A. an amino acid, a nucleotide, and ATP. B. a tRNA, an amino acid, and ATP. C. a tRNA, deoxyribose, and ATP. D. a tRNA, an amino acid, and deoxyribose. - ANSWERB A mutation introduces a stop codon into the middle of a gene that encodes a polypeptide. Which of the following is not true? A. The mRNA would be shorter. B. All of the other three options are true. C. The polypeptide would be shorter. D. The rate of transcription would be unaffected. - ANSWERA Allolactose is a ___________ that __________ transcription. A. small effector molecule, inhibits B. regulatory protein, enhances. C. regulatory protein, inhibits D. small effector molecule, enhances - ANSWERA When an E. coli cell is exposed to glucose, how does this affect the regulation of the lac operon via CAP? A. cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is decreased. B. cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is decreased. C. cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is increased. D. cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is increased. - ANSWERB Translation can be regulated by: A. both translational repressor proteins and antisense RNA that can bind mRNA. B. translational repressor proteins that bind mRNA. C. antisense RNA. D. phosphorylation of the mRNA. - ANSWERA Which of the following does not happen for CREB protein to activate a gene? A. The binding of a small effector molecule to the CREB protein B. All of the other three options happen. C. Covalent modification of the CREB protein D. Protein-protein interaction (e.g., dimer formation) - ANSWERA ________ and acetylation are examples of a reversible protein modification. - ANSWERphosphorylation, methylation ________ links distant enhancers and silencers to core promotors. - ANSWERmediator The ________ motif is used by some proteins to form dimers. - ANSWERleucine zipper Three alternative types of repressive chromatin can be distinguished from the others by: A. (1) H3K36me3, (2) H3K9me3, (3) H3K27me3 B. (1) H3K4me3, (2) H3K9me3, (3) H3K27me3 C. (1) HP1, (2) PRC1, (3) H3K27me3 D. (1) HP1, (2) PRC1, (3) DNA methylation - ANSWERA Exposure of Avy mice to alcohol until shortly before giving birth results in A. A higher proportion of (pseudo)agouti coat color in the pups B. A higher proportion yellow/orange coat color in the pups C. No difference in the proportion of (pseudo)agouti and yellow/orange coat color in the pups - ANSWERA The heterochromatin at the beta-globin locus is called _________________ - ANSWERfacultative heterochromatin The _________________ deletes the LCR that causes the entire region to be remodeled into euchromatin but leaves all beta globin genes intact. - ANSWERhispanic deletion ___________ exists in and around the centromere. - ANSWERconstitutive heterochromatin 3 methyl groups on Lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) causes the nucleosome to be bound by - ANSWERpolycomb protein complex 1