lOMoARcPSD|21013469
Unit 13: manufacturing and services
Aerospace Planes and space vehicles
Cars / automobiles
Computer hardware Computers, printers,…
Construction Buildings
Defence (se) Weapons
Electronics Phone
Food processing Canned, frozen, etc
Household goods
Pharmaceuticals Medicines
Steel
Textiles Cloth / clothes
Call centres (centers) Orders, complaints from customers by phone
Catering Restaurants, bars, etc
Computer software Instructions for computers
Financial services Banking, insurances, etc
Healthcare Medical care
Leisure Cinemas, sport, etc
Media Books, television, newspapers, etc
Property (real estate) Buying / selling / managing buildings
Retail Shops
Telecommunications Phone / internet communication
Tourism
Industry (growth / light / heavy) When talking about a certain industry you drop
the “s”
Diversify
, lOMoARcPSD|21013469
Unit 14: the development process
Market research Finding out what people want
In-person surveys Are expensive
Sample Example
Telephone surveys Less expensive and likely
Mail surveys Inexpensive, low response rate
Low response rate Few people respond
Online surveys Simple; inexpensive, unpredictable
To take part in
Focus groups
Moderator Uses prepared questions
Personal interviews
Observations How they use a product, watching at work,
videoing in stores
Field trials Place new product in selected stores to test
customer response
Developers Someone that creates something
Beta version First version
Bugs Problems
Designers
CAD / CAM Computer-assisted design / computer-assisted
manufacturing (to test first versions)
Prototypes First versions
Researchers Discovering / verifying information
Laboratories
Testing / trialing People trying new products
Trials Examination
Effective Successful
Industrial scale
Rollout Process of making product available to test
reaction
Product launch Officially available
Design defect / fault / flaw
Recall Take it back
, lOMoARcPSD|21013469
Unit 15: innovation and invention
Design - designer Make plans how to make something
Develop – development - developer Make new idea become successful
Innovate – innovation – innovator - innovative Think of new ideas / methods
Invent – invention - inventor Design/make something for the first time
R&D (research and development) Set of innovative activities done by
corporations in developing a new product or
improving
existing ones
Research centre
Breakthroughs Overcoming something, reaching an
achievement (difficult new discovery for a cure)
Technology
Cutting edge / leading edge None of the competitors has better products
State-of-the-art Most recent stage in development product
incorporating newest technology/ideas..
Hi-tech / low-tech
Obsolete Products no longer up to date because of old
technology
Future-proof Product that does not need to be significantly
updated as technology evolves
Proprietary Information that belongs to an
individual/company
Patents Information protected by law so no one can
copy its design
Under licence (se) Companies that pay to use a design
Royalties Payments for under licence use
Copyright The right to copy
Copyright infringement When someone uses intellectual property
without permission
Illegal downloading
Fake products Products sold without permission of company
Brand name / trademark Recognizable symbol used on product
Intellectual property Area of law related to
patents/copyright/trademark
Unit 13: manufacturing and services
Aerospace Planes and space vehicles
Cars / automobiles
Computer hardware Computers, printers,…
Construction Buildings
Defence (se) Weapons
Electronics Phone
Food processing Canned, frozen, etc
Household goods
Pharmaceuticals Medicines
Steel
Textiles Cloth / clothes
Call centres (centers) Orders, complaints from customers by phone
Catering Restaurants, bars, etc
Computer software Instructions for computers
Financial services Banking, insurances, etc
Healthcare Medical care
Leisure Cinemas, sport, etc
Media Books, television, newspapers, etc
Property (real estate) Buying / selling / managing buildings
Retail Shops
Telecommunications Phone / internet communication
Tourism
Industry (growth / light / heavy) When talking about a certain industry you drop
the “s”
Diversify
, lOMoARcPSD|21013469
Unit 14: the development process
Market research Finding out what people want
In-person surveys Are expensive
Sample Example
Telephone surveys Less expensive and likely
Mail surveys Inexpensive, low response rate
Low response rate Few people respond
Online surveys Simple; inexpensive, unpredictable
To take part in
Focus groups
Moderator Uses prepared questions
Personal interviews
Observations How they use a product, watching at work,
videoing in stores
Field trials Place new product in selected stores to test
customer response
Developers Someone that creates something
Beta version First version
Bugs Problems
Designers
CAD / CAM Computer-assisted design / computer-assisted
manufacturing (to test first versions)
Prototypes First versions
Researchers Discovering / verifying information
Laboratories
Testing / trialing People trying new products
Trials Examination
Effective Successful
Industrial scale
Rollout Process of making product available to test
reaction
Product launch Officially available
Design defect / fault / flaw
Recall Take it back
, lOMoARcPSD|21013469
Unit 15: innovation and invention
Design - designer Make plans how to make something
Develop – development - developer Make new idea become successful
Innovate – innovation – innovator - innovative Think of new ideas / methods
Invent – invention - inventor Design/make something for the first time
R&D (research and development) Set of innovative activities done by
corporations in developing a new product or
improving
existing ones
Research centre
Breakthroughs Overcoming something, reaching an
achievement (difficult new discovery for a cure)
Technology
Cutting edge / leading edge None of the competitors has better products
State-of-the-art Most recent stage in development product
incorporating newest technology/ideas..
Hi-tech / low-tech
Obsolete Products no longer up to date because of old
technology
Future-proof Product that does not need to be significantly
updated as technology evolves
Proprietary Information that belongs to an
individual/company
Patents Information protected by law so no one can
copy its design
Under licence (se) Companies that pay to use a design
Royalties Payments for under licence use
Copyright The right to copy
Copyright infringement When someone uses intellectual property
without permission
Illegal downloading
Fake products Products sold without permission of company
Brand name / trademark Recognizable symbol used on product
Intellectual property Area of law related to
patents/copyright/trademark
