AC- HPAT Algonquin College Test Prep Biology Questions With Complete Solutions.

active transport - movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. passive transport - Requires NO energy, movement of molecules from high to low concentration, moves with the concentration gradient covalent bond - A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule ionic bond - Linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom. allosteric bond - The regulation of an enzyme by binding an effector molecule at a site other than the enzyme's active site. Substrate - reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction substrate-enzyme complex - The substrate connects to the enzyme to perform chemical reactions. It connects to the enzyme at the active site. substrate enzyme inhibition - the substrate or product of an enzyme reaction inhibit the enzyme's activity. Carbohydrates - Are sugar molecules- our body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. Glucose, or blood sugar, is the main source of energy for your body's cells, tissues, and organs. Proteins - Chains of amino acidsLipids - Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. nucleic acids - Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells. The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).