Asphalt questions and (VERIFIED) answers rated A

Flexible Pavement - surface made with hot mixed asphalt concrete Rigid pavement - surface made with portland cement concrete pavement - is a layering system that provides: -a strong structure to support loads -a smooth wearing surface -a skid resistant wearing surface -a durable under environmental influence surface surface - -asphalt for concrete surface -prevent water penetration -smooth and well loaded surface -resists the traffic load Base - -distributes the load to the foundation -should hace sufficient quality -made of asphalt or concrete Sub Base - -When the subgrade is weak -compacted granular material Sub grade - -compacted soil -foundation -in situ soilBitumen - sticky, black and highly viscous material -semi solid or liquid state crude bitumen - naturally occurring asphalt refined bitumen - refined residue from distillation of oil asphalt cement - -semi solid at room temp -most common for producing Hot mixed asphalt -new performance grading system called SuperPave asphalt emulation - -liquid at room temperature -cold mix -used to prevent coalescence of asphalt particles asphalt cutback - -asphalt and petroleum solvent -liquid at room temperature -cold mix with aggregate types of deterioration for asphalt pavement - thermal, rutting, fatigue cracking 4 phases present in asphalt concrete - air voids, effective binder, absorbed binder, solid aggregate VMA - voids in mineral aggregates VFA - voids filled with asphalt VTM - voids in total mix