Oxygen an integral component and plays vital role in life... supports growth and developments
Breathing an act of drawing air into (inhalation) and eliminating air out (exhalation)
Carbon dioxide a byproduct of energy production in cells and released during exhalation
Respiratory system passageway of gas into and out of the body.
-filtration, humidification, and warming air
Nose or Nasal cavity - primary organ for smell, main entrance and exit point
Pharynx or throat - pathway of air and food
Air from nose enters nasopharynx and travels through oropharynx and laryngopharynx to enter
the larynx
Tonsils are specific tissues
- Pharyngeal tonsils referred as adenoid found in the roof of nasopharynx
- Palestine tonsils located in oropharynx at the end portion of soft palate
- lingual tonsils in the base of the tongue
Larynx or voice box
- Functions mainly for speech
- larynx is made up of eight hyaline cartilage and spoon shaped elastic cartilage called
epiglottis.. serves as protective barrier and permits food passage
-thyroid cartilage or adam's apple projects toward the front of the throat
The respiratory system is divided into two tracts – the lower tract and upper tract – each
with three organs to complete the system.
Trachea or windpipe
- extends when we swallow
The trachea consists of Ciliated Mucosa, which transports mucus that has been contaminated
Bronchi
- main passageway of air into the lungs
- Left bronchus is narrower, longer and less straight than the right
Bronchioles
-tiny branches of main bronchi
Alveoli
-tiny air sacs, where gas exchange occurs
, Capillaries
- disposes carbon dioxide and picks up fresh load of oxygen then distributes it
Lungs
- main organ of the respiratory system
- located in the thoracic or chest, cavity
- divided into sections called lobes
- left lung consists two lobes (upper and lower)
-right lung consists three lobes (upper, middle and lower)
Pulmonary ventilation - air moves in and out of the lungs known as breathing
External respiration - carbon dioxide is expelled and picks up new load of oxygen
Internal respiration - exchange of gasses between the blood and blood cells
Circulatory system - supplies cells with oxygen. Made up of heart, blood and blood vessels
Heart
- one of the most complex organ
- size of closed fist
- located in the center of the thoracic cavity and tilted slightly to the left
- has 4 chambers : right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle and also has four
valves that help maintain proper flow and direction of the blood
Tricuspid Valve – Located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Bicuspid Valve – Located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are called Atrioventricular or AV Valves since they connect
the atriums and ventricles and are based on the number of flaps or cusps they have.
Pulmonary Valve – It lies between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, taking the blood to
the lungs.
Aortic valve - lies between the left ventricle and aorta, prevents blood from entering the aorta.
It opens when ventricle contracts
Pulmonary and aortic valves are sometimes referred to semilunar valves because of its
shape
Arteries – Thick muscular-walled vessels that transport oxygen-rich blood away from the
heart.
Breathing an act of drawing air into (inhalation) and eliminating air out (exhalation)
Carbon dioxide a byproduct of energy production in cells and released during exhalation
Respiratory system passageway of gas into and out of the body.
-filtration, humidification, and warming air
Nose or Nasal cavity - primary organ for smell, main entrance and exit point
Pharynx or throat - pathway of air and food
Air from nose enters nasopharynx and travels through oropharynx and laryngopharynx to enter
the larynx
Tonsils are specific tissues
- Pharyngeal tonsils referred as adenoid found in the roof of nasopharynx
- Palestine tonsils located in oropharynx at the end portion of soft palate
- lingual tonsils in the base of the tongue
Larynx or voice box
- Functions mainly for speech
- larynx is made up of eight hyaline cartilage and spoon shaped elastic cartilage called
epiglottis.. serves as protective barrier and permits food passage
-thyroid cartilage or adam's apple projects toward the front of the throat
The respiratory system is divided into two tracts – the lower tract and upper tract – each
with three organs to complete the system.
Trachea or windpipe
- extends when we swallow
The trachea consists of Ciliated Mucosa, which transports mucus that has been contaminated
Bronchi
- main passageway of air into the lungs
- Left bronchus is narrower, longer and less straight than the right
Bronchioles
-tiny branches of main bronchi
Alveoli
-tiny air sacs, where gas exchange occurs
, Capillaries
- disposes carbon dioxide and picks up fresh load of oxygen then distributes it
Lungs
- main organ of the respiratory system
- located in the thoracic or chest, cavity
- divided into sections called lobes
- left lung consists two lobes (upper and lower)
-right lung consists three lobes (upper, middle and lower)
Pulmonary ventilation - air moves in and out of the lungs known as breathing
External respiration - carbon dioxide is expelled and picks up new load of oxygen
Internal respiration - exchange of gasses between the blood and blood cells
Circulatory system - supplies cells with oxygen. Made up of heart, blood and blood vessels
Heart
- one of the most complex organ
- size of closed fist
- located in the center of the thoracic cavity and tilted slightly to the left
- has 4 chambers : right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle and also has four
valves that help maintain proper flow and direction of the blood
Tricuspid Valve – Located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Bicuspid Valve – Located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are called Atrioventricular or AV Valves since they connect
the atriums and ventricles and are based on the number of flaps or cusps they have.
Pulmonary Valve – It lies between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, taking the blood to
the lungs.
Aortic valve - lies between the left ventricle and aorta, prevents blood from entering the aorta.
It opens when ventricle contracts
Pulmonary and aortic valves are sometimes referred to semilunar valves because of its
shape
Arteries – Thick muscular-walled vessels that transport oxygen-rich blood away from the
heart.
