TNCC Written Exam

TNCC WRITTEN EXAM 2024 WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS What is the best measure of the adequacy of cellular perfusion and helps predict the outcome of resuscitation? - correct answer Base deficit used in conjunction with serum lactate Will hypocapnia cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation, especially in the cerebral vasculature? - correct answer Vasoconstriction What results from tissue hypo perfusion and oxygen deficit? - correct answer Metabolic acidosis What type of shock results in generalized vasodilation? - correct answer Neurogenic shock Spinal cord injuries at C3-C5 causes loss of what nerves function, resulting in what? - correct answer Phrenic nerve; paralyzed diaphragm and inability to breath Extremity elevation AT the level of the heart is beneficial for what type of injury? - correct answer Compartment Syndrome What is a high risk of frostbite? - correct answer Thrombus formation What two medications can be administered to maintain perfusion after a frostbite injury along with rewarming? - correct answer Tissue plasminogen activator or non steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDS) An rise in diastolic blood pressures is a sign of increasing what? - correct answer Peripheral resistance What position will benefit the airway and work of breathing for the bariatric patient? - correct answer Reverse Trendelenburg Which phase of a blast results from flying debris, projectiles, and bomb fragments causing lacerations or penetrating injuries? - correct answer Secondary Phase What phase of a blast results from any explosion-related illness or injury including hyperglycemia, hypertension, angina, asthma, COPD, or sepsis? - correct answer Quaternary Phase What phase of a blast results from individuals being thrown by the blast and impacting walls, ground, or any hard object? - correct answer Tertiary Phase What phase of a blast results from impact of the over and under pressurization wave with body surfaces. Injuries include blast lung, tympanic membrane rupture, abdominal hemorrhage, globe rupture, and mild traumatic brain injury? - correct answer Primary Phase Signs of what include muscle pain or weakness, dark red or brown urine, general weakness or malaise, and elevated creatinine kinase levels? - correct answer Rhabdomyolosis Signs of what include anxiety, pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, hypoxemia, hemoptysis, cough, orthopnea, adventitious lung sounds, decreased lung sounds, jugular vein distention, or hypotension? - correct answer Pulmonary Embolus Signs of what include headache, nausea and vomiting, amnesia, behavioral changes, altered level of consciousness? - correct answer Increased intracranial pressure Signs of what include asymmetric pupillary reactivity, unilateral dilation, widening pulse pressure, abnormal motor posturing, bradycardia, and decreased respiratory effort? - correct answer Late signs of increased ICP with Herniation Syndrome What is caused by the tear of the bridging veins or middle meningeal artery? - correct answer Subdural and Epidural Hematoma Affect concentration, memory, sleep, mode, and libido. Causes headaches, dizziness and nausea. - correct answer Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Signs and symptoms similar to early signs of increased ICP but do not worsen. - correct answer Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cerebral Perfusion Pressure = ______-______ - correct answer MAP - ICP What is the range for CO2 to maximize perfusion? - correct answer 35-45 Does hypoventilation cause dilation or constriction? Increase or decrease ICP? - correct answer Dilation and increase in ICP due to high CO2 Hyperventilation cause dilation or constriction? - correct answer Constriction d/t low CO2 Pupils with pressure on cranial nerve - correct answer Fixed and dilated Pupils with opiates vs stimulants - correct answer small; large Pupils with anticholinergics such as atropine, ipratropium, and scopolamine - correct answer large Sluggish reaction of pupils is an early sign of what? - correct answer Increasing ICP Glasgow Coma Score with Mild, Moderate, and Severe TBI - correct answer Mild = 13-15 Moderate = 9-12