BSNC 1020 Module 1 (History) Latest Update with Verified Solutions

BSNC 1020 Module 1 (History) Latest Update with Verified Solutions Our girl Florence Nightingale Founder of modern nursing Nursing icon Fashionista Inspiration to middle class women everywhere #girlboss What year did Nightingale organize a group of nurses to go to the Crimean War to help wounded British soldiers? 1854 What are some things that Nightingale was known for? - saving thousands of soldiers in the Crimean War - trailblazer for women from middle-upper class families that weren't supposed to work outside the home - dramatic reductions in morbidity and mortality by applying principles of cleanliness and comfort to nursing care - advocate for health and the reformation of the health care system of the British army (including lobbying the parliament) - first health statistician (found evidence based research on the importance of sanitation and comfort standards in hospitals) First nursing schools in Canada had no financing, so they provided nurses with education and living expenses in exchange for the nurses providing care at the hospitals of the schools. What were some benefits to this? - allowed hospitals to provide nursing services at low charge - gave advantage to newly developed hospitals to be associated with a nursing school to be able to remain financially stable even if patient retention drops - attracts higher paying patients because these hospitals would be able to provide better quality care In what year did the first Canadian hospital diploma school open, and what was it called? St. Catherine's Training School (St. Catherine's and Marine Hospital) in 1874 In what year did The School for Nurses at Toronto General Hospital open? 1881 (Mary Snively as Superintendent) in what year did The School for Nurses at Montreal General Hospital open? 1890 (Nora Livingston as Superintendent) By what year were there 330 nursing schools in Canada? 1930 What was the Victorian Order of Nurses, in what year were they established, and by who? - established in 1898 by Lady Aberdeen - VON established a standard for requiring altruism, compassion, as well as sufficient nursing knowledge - travelled to rural/remote areas to provide quality nursing care In what year was the International Council of Nurses established, and who did they appoint as their first honorary treasurer? 1899 Appointing Mary Snively as honorary treasurer even though Canada did not have membership yet (because they did not yet have their own national nursing organization) In what year was the Provisional Society of the Canadian National Association of Trained Nurses (CNATN) founded? 1908 with Snively as President What year did Canada officially become a member of the ICN? 1909 What year did the CNATN change its name to the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)? 1924 (fair, CNATN was a pretty dramatic name) After the CNA was established, nurses began establishing provincial nursing associations that fought for legislation to set educational standards to improve nursing care. What were some of these educational standards? - standardized admission criteria and curricula were set - mandatory registration with the governing body (protects the title "registered nurse") When did the push for public health care programs and promotion occur? Following the end of WW1 and the influenza epidemic Which association provided certain universities with grants to establish public health care programs? Canadian Red Cross When and where was the first Canadian undergraduate degree nursing program (non-integrated) established? UBC in 1919 What was the Weir Report and in what year was it done? - 1932 - the first national study done on nursing education - reported that the conditions in the nursing schools was "deplorable", the health of students was being compromised, and the education of students was coming secondary to the hospital services (due to the very rapid development of nursing programs) When was there a big push to separate the nursing programs from the authority of hospitals and move into the general educations system? 1960s the basic integrated degree model became the standard for nursing programs by what decade? 1970s As late as 1965, CNA found that quality of education in most nursing schools was still not up to standard. What were some issues they observed in existing nursing programs? - based on needs of patient care units rather than educational needs - students worked very long hours - few hours in the classroom - few and ill prepared teachers - older students ended up teaching younger students (not qualified instructors) Where and when was the first nursing masters degree program established? In 1959 at Western University What year did the Canadian Nurses Foundation become a separate entity from the CNA? 1962 What purpose does the CNF serve that the CNA does not? provides bursaries, scholarships, and fellowships for people in graduate programs Where the prototype basic integrated degree program modelled? University of Toronto Where and when was the first doctoral nursing program established? University of Alberta in 1991 What are some ways the internet and technology have provided access to quality nurses education? - online/distance education - night classes, faculty teleconferencing What nursing positions require a masters degree? - clinical specialists - nurse practitioners - administrators - educators How many nursing masters programs are there in Canada? 30 How many doctorate programs are there in Canada? 12 What is professionalism? the skills and attributes required or expected of members of the profession What are some attributes of professionalism? Competence/knowledge respect accountability responsibility ethical practice patience attentive non-judgemental collaborative confidential accepting advocacy practicing within scope maintaining certification Who places controls on nursing practice? - BC Government Regulation - BCCNP standards, limits, conditions - employer policies (ie. health authorities) - Individual competence Who/what are nurses governed by? Canadian legislation laws CNA code of ethics What are provincial regulatory bodies responsible for? ensuring safe, competent, and ethical nursing care In addition to the national governing body (CNA), what provincial regulatory body are we governed by? BC College of Nursing Professionals (BCCNP) What are some attributes of professional demeanour? - avoiding loud talking (respect clients' need for rest) - maintain a positive attitude and instill hope (encourage and respect clients and families) - maintain a clean, uncluttered work station (respect for peers/coworkers) - avoid taking personal calls at work (focus on client care) - do not discuss personal problems at work with clients (maintain professional boundary) - never break client confidentiality (avoiding violation of privacy laws) - avoid gossiping or bullying coworkers - do not complain to clients or family members