AP Gov Exam Study Guide With 100% Accurate Content 2024 Update

AP Gov Exam Study Guide With 100% Accurate Content 2024 Update Charles Beard's theory of the Constitution - ANS-believed the Constitution was written in favor of the wealthy classes (land owners) Federalist no. 10 - ANS-part of a collection of essays promoting ratification of the Constitution; written by James Madison, addresses the question of how to guard against factions-argued that a strong, big republic would be a better guard against those dangers Federalist no. 51 - ANS-art of a collection of essays promoting ratification of the Constitution; written by James Madison, addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government Marbury v. Madison - ANS-established the practice of judicial review McCulloch v. Maryland - ANS-established two important principles in constitutional law: the Constitution grants to Congress implied powers for implementing the Constitution's express powers, in order to create a functional national government, and state action may not impede valid constitutional exercises of power by the Federal government. Divided government - ANS-Governance divided between the parties, especially when one holds the presidency and the other controls one or both houses of Congress Federalism - ANS-separation of power between state and federal governments Mandate - ANS-a president's claim of broad public support Block grants - ANS-broad grants to states for prescribed activities, with only a few strings attachedstates have greater flexibility Devolution Revolution - ANS-the effort to slow the growth of the federal government by returning many functions to the states AFDC (aid to families with dependent children) - ANS-federal guarantee of welfare checks for all eligible mothers and children TANF (temporary assistance to needy families) - ANS-welfare block grant to states; you can be on welfare for only a total of 5 years in your lifetime; must be actively looking for a job Lopez v. U.S. - ANS-(1995) the first United States Supreme Court case since the New Deal to set limits to Congress's power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. Iron Triangle - ANS-a policy making alliance that involves very strong ties among a congressional committee, an interest group and a federal department or agency Issue Network - ANS-relationships among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and the government agencies that share a common policy concern PAC(political action committee) - ANS-the political arm on an interest group that is legally entitled to raise funds on a voluntary basis from members, stockholders, or employees to contribute funds to candidates or political parties Federal Election Campaign Act - ANS-(1971) limited amounts that candidates for federal office could spend on advertising, required disclosure of the sources of campaign funds and how they are spent, and required PACs to register with the government and report all major contributions and expenditures Buckley v. Valeo - ANS-allowed limitations on contributions and full and open disclosure of all fundraising activities by candidates for federal office, as well as the system of public financing for presidential elections McCain-Feingold Act or BCRA (bipartisan campaign reform act) - ANS-banned party hard money, restored long standing prohibition on corporations and labor unions for using general treasury funds for electoral purposes, and narrowed the definition of issue advocacy Issue Advocacy Groups -