Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professionals 3rd Edition QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS100% 2023/2024 MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM

Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professionals 3rd Edition QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS100% 2023/2024 MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM skeletal muscle - ANSWERS striated and voluntary smooth muscle - ANSWERS involuntary muscle and non striated. found in internal organs cardiac muscle - ANSWERS Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart. Sarcolemma - ANSWERS muscle cell membrane Endomysium - ANSWERS The delicate connective tissue surrounding the individual muscular fibers within the smallest bundles Perimysium - ANSWERS Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle Fascicle - ANSWERS bundle of muscle fibers. plural is fasciculi Epimysium - ANSWERS surrounds entire muscle fascia - ANSWERS a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle Myosin - ANSWERS Thick filament of protein found in skeletal muscle cells. called the A-bands Actin - ANSWERS thin filaments of protein found in skeletal muscle cells. Called the Ibands Z line - ANSWERS found on the central region of the I-bands H zone - ANSWERS where myosin filaments are thickest Sarcomere - ANSWERS the area between two adjacent Z lines. Where the actual process of muscle contraction occurs at a molecular level Sarcotubular system - ANSWERS T system and sarcoplasmic reticulum T system - ANSWERS A set of tubules that traverse the skeletal muscle, conduct the action potential deep into the cell, and stimulate the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions sarcoplasmic reticulum - ANSWERS stores calcium motor unit - ANSWERS A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates Excitability - ANSWERS ability to respond to stimuli Elasticity - ANSWERS The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed Conductability - ANSWERS ability to transmit an impulse Contractility - ANSWERS ability to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received resting potential - ANSWERS The inside of a cell is negatively charged. The outside of a cell is positively charged. Acetylcholine - ANSWERS neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells action potential - ANSWERS nerve impulse troponin and tropomyosin - ANSWERS inhibitor substances Phosphocreatine - ANSWERS found in muscle tissue; provides a rapid source of highenergy ATP for muscle contraction muscle twitch - ANSWERS a single momentary muscle contraction, and is the response to a single stimulus. muscle tone - ANSWERS the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible isotonic contraction - ANSWERS muscles contract and shorten, tensions remains the same isometric contraction - ANSWERS Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length origin - ANSWERS attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction Insertion - ANSWERS attachment to movable bone Aponeurosis - ANSWERS A broad, flat tendon Tendon - ANSWERS Connects muscle to bone Agonist - ANSWERS muscle that contracts to produce a movement; prime mover Antagonist - ANSWERS muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover Synergist - ANSWERS Muscle that assists a prime mover Occipitalis - ANSWERS draws scalp backward Frontalis - ANSWERS raises eyebrows zygomaticus minor - ANSWERS retracts and elevates upper lip zygomaticus major - ANSWERS elevates corner of mouth as in laughing levator labii superioris - ANSWERS