,CHAPTER 1
The Science of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?
a) Psychology is the science of abnormal behavior and thoughts.
b) Psychology is the science of behavior.
c) Psychology is the science of mental processes.
d) Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes.
e) Psychology is the art of behavior and mental processes.
ANS: d TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
2. Psychology is best described as a science that studies:
a) the role of the mind in explaining behavior.
b) how the mind controls our behavior.
c) observable behavior only.
d) mental processes only.
e) behavior and mental processes.
ANS: e TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
3. The word ‘psychology’ comes from two Greek roots that mean:
a) knowledge and mind.
b) emotion and mind.
c) emotion and spirit.
d) mind and emotion
e) knowledge and spirit.
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
4. In the definition of psychology, the concept of behavior incorporates ALL EXCEPT which of the following?
a) Thinking
b) Dreaming
c) Quiet reading
d) Making yourself a sandwich
e) Secretion of insulin by the pancreas
ANS: e TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
,2 Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
5. Why is psychology considered to be a scientific discipline?
a) Psychology discounts tradition and folklore.
b) Psychology focuses on testing theories.
c) Psychology relies on popular opinion.
d) Psychology emphasizes mental, as opposed to behavioral, processes.
e) Psychology values scholarly opinions over laboratory tests.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1-Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
6. Psychology made the transition from philosophy to scientific discipline with which event?
a) Fechner published Elements of Psychophysics.
b) Confucius proposed the idea that humans have an inborn capacity for good.
c) G. Stanley Hall founded the American Psychological Association.
d) Titchener brought methods of introspection to the United States.
e) Wundt founded the first psychological laboratory.
ANS: e TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
KEY: Identify
7. Psychology is a scientific discipline in that it focuses on:
a) the pursuit of truth, not simply opinion.
b) testing opinions and assumptions in the light of evidence.
c) systematically building theories to explain phenomena.
d) behavioral, as opposed to mental, processes.
e) the accumulated wisdom of scholars.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
NOT: WWW
8. For her first psychology paper in graduate school, Tina decided to write about the subject of psychophysics.
Which of the following is most likely to be the name of her paper?
a) Men's physical reactions to different concentrations of perfume
b) People's reflections upon first coming in contact with "silly putty"
c) Why do only women wear makeup?
d) Why are people susceptible to optical illusions?
e) Which parts of the mind are activated when one looks at great art?
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied KEY: Apply
9. G. Stanley Hall is known for all of the following EXCEPT that:
a) he founded the American Psychological Association.
b) he is considered the founder of American psychology.
c) he was the first president of the American Psychological Association.
d) he established the first psychological laboratory in the United States.
e) he was the first American to work in Wundt's laboratory.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology 3
KEY: Evaluate/Explain
10. Which of the following early pioneers of psychology became the first scientist of the mind?
a) Fechner
b) von Helmholtz
c) James
d) Wundt
e) Titchener
ANS: d TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
OBJ: 2- Identify the early schools of psychology and their important contributors. KEY: Identify
11. You have been assigned to write a report on Wilhelm Wundt's contributions to psychology. Which would be
the most useful term for an Internet search?
a) Introspection
b) Psychodynamic
c) Behaviorism
d) Association
e) Humanism
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied
OBJ: 3-Describe the major concepts associated with early schools of psychology.
KEY: Describe/Define, Apply
12. A functionalist is most likely to ask which of the following questions?
a) Can you describe the taste of a peach?
b) What is the purpose of superstitions?
c) What does the texture of chalk remind you of?
d) How does seeing a butterfly make you feel?
e) What thoughts does this musical passage evoke?
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied KEY:
Apply
13. Your psychology professor asks a student volunteer to concentrate on eating an apple and then describe the
individual elements of that experience. Your professor is demonstrating the technique of _______, which is a
technique used by investigators of ________.
a) stream of consciousness; functionalism
b) introspection; structuralism
c) introspection; Gestalt
d) introspection; humanism
e) stream of consciousness; structuralism
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied
OBJ: 3- Describe the major concepts associated with early schools of psychology.
KEY: Describe/Define, Apply
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Science of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?
a) Psychology is the science of abnormal behavior and thoughts.
b) Psychology is the science of behavior.
c) Psychology is the science of mental processes.
d) Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes.
e) Psychology is the art of behavior and mental processes.
ANS: d TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
2. Psychology is best described as a science that studies:
a) the role of the mind in explaining behavior.
b) how the mind controls our behavior.
c) observable behavior only.
d) mental processes only.
e) behavior and mental processes.
ANS: e TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
3. The word ‘psychology’ comes from two Greek roots that mean:
a) knowledge and mind.
b) emotion and mind.
c) emotion and spirit.
d) mind and emotion
e) knowledge and spirit.
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Define/Describe
4. In the definition of psychology, the concept of behavior incorporates ALL EXCEPT which of the following?
a) Thinking
b) Dreaming
c) Quiet reading
d) Making yourself a sandwich
e) Secretion of insulin by the pancreas
ANS: e TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
,2 Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
5. Why is psychology considered to be a scientific discipline?
a) Psychology discounts tradition and folklore.
b) Psychology focuses on testing theories.
c) Psychology relies on popular opinion.
d) Psychology emphasizes mental, as opposed to behavioral, processes.
e) Psychology values scholarly opinions over laboratory tests.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1-Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
6. Psychology made the transition from philosophy to scientific discipline with which event?
a) Fechner published Elements of Psychophysics.
b) Confucius proposed the idea that humans have an inborn capacity for good.
c) G. Stanley Hall founded the American Psychological Association.
d) Titchener brought methods of introspection to the United States.
e) Wundt founded the first psychological laboratory.
ANS: e TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
KEY: Identify
7. Psychology is a scientific discipline in that it focuses on:
a) the pursuit of truth, not simply opinion.
b) testing opinions and assumptions in the light of evidence.
c) systematically building theories to explain phenomena.
d) behavioral, as opposed to mental, processes.
e) the accumulated wisdom of scholars.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: Intro REF: Chapter Introduction MSC: conceptual
OBJ: 1- Define psychology and explain why psychology is a science. KEY: Evaluate/Explain
NOT: WWW
8. For her first psychology paper in graduate school, Tina decided to write about the subject of psychophysics.
Which of the following is most likely to be the name of her paper?
a) Men's physical reactions to different concentrations of perfume
b) People's reflections upon first coming in contact with "silly putty"
c) Why do only women wear makeup?
d) Why are people susceptible to optical illusions?
e) Which parts of the mind are activated when one looks at great art?
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied KEY: Apply
9. G. Stanley Hall is known for all of the following EXCEPT that:
a) he founded the American Psychological Association.
b) he is considered the founder of American psychology.
c) he was the first president of the American Psychological Association.
d) he established the first psychological laboratory in the United States.
e) he was the first American to work in Wundt's laboratory.
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology 3
KEY: Evaluate/Explain
10. Which of the following early pioneers of psychology became the first scientist of the mind?
a) Fechner
b) von Helmholtz
c) James
d) Wundt
e) Titchener
ANS: d TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: factual
OBJ: 2- Identify the early schools of psychology and their important contributors. KEY: Identify
11. You have been assigned to write a report on Wilhelm Wundt's contributions to psychology. Which would be
the most useful term for an Internet search?
a) Introspection
b) Psychodynamic
c) Behaviorism
d) Association
e) Humanism
ANS: a TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied
OBJ: 3-Describe the major concepts associated with early schools of psychology.
KEY: Describe/Define, Apply
12. A functionalist is most likely to ask which of the following questions?
a) Can you describe the taste of a peach?
b) What is the purpose of superstitions?
c) What does the texture of chalk remind you of?
d) How does seeing a butterfly make you feel?
e) What thoughts does this musical passage evoke?
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied KEY:
Apply
13. Your psychology professor asks a student volunteer to concentrate on eating an apple and then describe the
individual elements of that experience. Your professor is demonstrating the technique of _______, which is a
technique used by investigators of ________.
a) stream of consciousness; functionalism
b) introspection; structuralism
c) introspection; Gestalt
d) introspection; humanism
e) stream of consciousness; structuralism
ANS: b TOP: MOD: 1.1 REF: Foundations of Modern Psychology MSC: applied
OBJ: 3- Describe the major concepts associated with early schools of psychology.
KEY: Describe/Define, Apply
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
