Automation engineering study practice well elaborated 2023/2024

Mechatronics - answerswhich is also called mechatronic engineering, is a multidisciplinary branch of engineering that focuses on the engineering of both electrical and mechanical systems, and also includes a combination of robotics, electronics, computer, telecommunications, systems, control, and product engineering. Production System - answersCollection of resources: people, equipment, and procedures organized to accomplish the manufacturing operations of a company. Two categories: •Facilities - factory, equipment, facility layout •Manufacturing support systems - procedures, processes to manage production and solve problems The Overall Production System includes - answersfactory or plant, production machines, tooling, material handling equipment, inspection equipment, and computer systems that control the manufacturing operations Three categories of human participation in the processes performed by the manufacturing system: - answers1.Manual work system - worker performs one or more tasks without the aid of powered tools, but sometimes using hand tools. 2.Worker-machine system - worker operates powered equipment. 3.Automated system - process performed by a machine without direct participation of a human. Manufacturing Support - answersManufacturing support involves a sequence of activities that consists of four functions: 1. Business functions - sales and marketing, order entry, cost accounting, customer billing 2. Product design - research and development, design engineering, prototype shop 3. Manufacturing planning - process planning, production planning, M R P, capacity planning 4. Manufacturing control - shop floor control, inventory control, quality control Automation in Production Systems - answersTwo categories of automation in the production system: 1.Automation of manufacturing systems in the factory. 2.Computerization of the manufacturing support systems. There is much overlap between these two categories because manufacturing support systems are connected to the factory manufacturing systems. Industry 4.0 Result: Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Automation Definition - answersPerformance of an activity or task (or sequence thereof) in order to gain an "edge" or "advantage" (safety, efficiency, quality, productivity, competition, cost reduction, etc.) using equipment which can function with little or no human interaction. Automated Manufacturing Systems - answers1.Fixed automation - "Hard Automation" 2.Programmable automation 3.Flexible automation Fixed Automation (Hard Automation) - answersA manufacturing system in which the sequence of processing (or assembly) operations is fixed by the equipment type (or product type) and configuration. Typical features: •Suited to high production quantities. •High initial investment for custom-engineered equipment, •High production rates. •Relatively inflexible in accommodating product variety or changes in product geometry. Programmable Automation - answersA manufacturing system designed with the capability to change the sequence of operations (program) to accommodate different product configurations Typical features: •High investment in general purpose equipment. •Lower production rates than fixed automation. •Flexibility to deal with variations and changes in product configuration. •Most suitable for batch production. Physical setup and part program must be changed between jobs (batches). Flexible Automation - answersAn extension of programmable automation in which the system is capable of changing over from one job to the next with no lost time between jobs. Typical features: •High investment for custom-engineered system. •Continuous production of variable mixes of products. •Medium production rates. Flexibility to deal with soft product variety. Computerized Manufacturing Support Systems - answersObjectives of automating the manufacturing support systems: •Reduce the manual and clerical effort in product design, manufacturing planning and control, and the business functions. •Integrates computer-aided design (C A D) and computer-aided manufacturing (C A M) in C A D/C A M. Also computer-aided-engineering (CAE). •C I M includes C A D/CAE/C A M and computerized business functions. Reasons for Automating - answers1.Increase labor productivity 2.Reduce labor cost 3.Mitigate the effects of labor shortages 4.Reduce or remove routine manual and clerical tasks