, TEST BANK
TRUE/FALSE
1. We live in a world of two realities; agreement and empirical.
ANS: F
REF: 5
LO: 4
2. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
ANS: F
REF: 7
LO: 3
3. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
ANS: T
REF: 10
LO: 4
4. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
ANS: F
REF: 10
LO: 2
5. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
ANS: T
REF: 11
LO: 3
6. Value is a relative concept and cannot be settled by science.
ANS: T
REF: 12
LO: 3
7. A vast number of norms and rules in society create regularity.
ANS: T
REF: 14
LO: 6
8. The independent variable is assumed to depend on or be caused by the dependent variable.
ANS: F
REF: 19
LO: 1
10
,9. Four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
ANS: T
REF: 19
LO: 1
10. Inductive reasoning moves from general to specific.
ANS: F
REF: 23
LO: 13
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to the text, most criminal justice professionals (especially supervisors) routinely
review:
a. computer readouts and news reports
b. archived and updated spreadsheets
c. performance reports and statistical tabulations
d. databases
ANS: C
REF: 4
LO: 2
2. The objective of the text is to help future criminal justice professionals become:
a. informed consumers of research
b. informed consumers of books
c. experts in the department of justice
d. expert readers
ANS: A
REF: 4
LO: 1
3. We live in a world of two realities known as:
a. expressed and assumed
b. experiential and agreement
c. expressed and agreement
d. experiential and assumed
ANS: B
REF: 5
LO: 4
11
, 4. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. agreement
b. expressed
c. assumed
d. experiential
ANS: D
REF: 5
LO: 4
5. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of:
a. agreement reality
b. expressed reality
c. assumed reality
d. experiential reality
ANS: A
REF: 5
LO: 4
6. A research project concerning law enforcement that produces an alternative view of a
practice represents:
a. known reality
b. expressed reality
c. empirical reality
d. experiential reality
ANS: D
REF: 5
LO: 4
7. Traditional beliefs about patrol effectiveness, response time, and detective work are
examples of:
a. known reality
b. agreement reality
c. experiential reality
d. assumed reality
ANS: B
REF: 5
LO: 4
12
TRUE/FALSE
1. We live in a world of two realities; agreement and empirical.
ANS: F
REF: 5
LO: 4
2. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
ANS: F
REF: 7
LO: 3
3. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
ANS: T
REF: 10
LO: 4
4. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
ANS: F
REF: 10
LO: 2
5. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
ANS: T
REF: 11
LO: 3
6. Value is a relative concept and cannot be settled by science.
ANS: T
REF: 12
LO: 3
7. A vast number of norms and rules in society create regularity.
ANS: T
REF: 14
LO: 6
8. The independent variable is assumed to depend on or be caused by the dependent variable.
ANS: F
REF: 19
LO: 1
10
,9. Four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
ANS: T
REF: 19
LO: 1
10. Inductive reasoning moves from general to specific.
ANS: F
REF: 23
LO: 13
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to the text, most criminal justice professionals (especially supervisors) routinely
review:
a. computer readouts and news reports
b. archived and updated spreadsheets
c. performance reports and statistical tabulations
d. databases
ANS: C
REF: 4
LO: 2
2. The objective of the text is to help future criminal justice professionals become:
a. informed consumers of research
b. informed consumers of books
c. experts in the department of justice
d. expert readers
ANS: A
REF: 4
LO: 1
3. We live in a world of two realities known as:
a. expressed and assumed
b. experiential and agreement
c. expressed and agreement
d. experiential and assumed
ANS: B
REF: 5
LO: 4
11
, 4. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. agreement
b. expressed
c. assumed
d. experiential
ANS: D
REF: 5
LO: 4
5. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of:
a. agreement reality
b. expressed reality
c. assumed reality
d. experiential reality
ANS: A
REF: 5
LO: 4
6. A research project concerning law enforcement that produces an alternative view of a
practice represents:
a. known reality
b. expressed reality
c. empirical reality
d. experiential reality
ANS: D
REF: 5
LO: 4
7. Traditional beliefs about patrol effectiveness, response time, and detective work are
examples of:
a. known reality
b. agreement reality
c. experiential reality
d. assumed reality
ANS: B
REF: 5
LO: 4
12
