Solutions Manual
INTroducTIoN To
Logic
FIFTEENTH Edition
Irving M. Copi
Carl Cohen
Victor Rodych
Complete Chapter Solutions Manual
are included (Ch 1 to 14)
** Immediate Download
** Swift Response
** All Chapters included
, chapter 1
Section 1.2 Identify Premises and Conclusions
Exercises on pages 9–11
1. Premise: A well-regulated militia is necessary for the security of a free state.
Conclusion: The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
2. Premises:
(1) It’s easier (than photocopying) to buy your friend a paperback copy of a book.
(2) A paperback copy of the book is inexpensive.
Conclusion: What stops many people from photocopying a book and giving it
to a pal is not integrity but logistics.
3. Premise: Human intelligence is a gift from God.
Conclusion: To apply human intelligence to understand the world is not an
affront to God, but is pleasing to him.
4. Premise: Sir Edmund Hilary dedicated his life to helping build schools and hospitals
for the Sherpas who helped him to climb Mount Everest.
Conclusion: He is, for that reason, a hero.
5. Premises:
(1) Standardized tests have a disparate racial impact, as illustrated by the differ-
ence in the average scores of different ethnic groups.
(2) Ethnic differences arise on all kinds of tests, at all levels.
Conclusion: If a racial gap is evidence of discrimination, then all tests discriminate.
6. Premise: Everybody thinks himself so abundantly provided with good sense that
even those most difficult to please in all other matters do not commonly desire
more of it than they already possess.
Conclusion: Good sense is, of all things in the world, the most equally distributed.
7. Premise: Any words new to the United States are either stupid or foreign.
Conclusion: There is no such thing as the American language; there’s just bad
English.
8. Premise: In New York State alone taxpayers spent more than $200 million in a failed
death penalty experiment, with no one executed.
Conclusion: The death penalty is too costly.
Premise: [There has been] an epidemic of exonerations of death row inmates
upon post-conviction investigation, including ten New York inmates freed in the
, 2
Introduction to Logic
last eighteen months from long sentences being served for murders or rapes they
did not commit.
Conclusion: Capital punishment is unfair in its application, in addition to being
too costly.
9. Premise: Houses are built to live in, not to look on.
Conclusion: Use is to be preferred before [i.e., above] uniformity.
10. Premises:
(1) A boycott, although not violent, can cause economic harm to many.
(2) The greater the impact of a boycott, the more impressive is the statement it
makes.
(3) The economic consequences of a boycott are likely to be felt by innocent
bystanders, who suffer loss of income because of it.
Conclusion: The boycott weapon ought to be used sparingly.
11. Premises:
(1) In the early part of the 20th century forced population shifts were not
uncommon.
(2) In that period multicultural empires crumbled and nationalism drove the for-
mation of new, ethnically homogenous countries.
Conclusion: Ethnic cleansing was viewed not so long ago as a legitimate tool of
foreign policy.
12. Premises:
(1) If a jury is sufficiently unhappy with the government’s case or the govern-
ment’s conduct, it can simply refuse to convict.
(2) This possibility puts powerful pressure on the state to behave properly.
Conclusion: A jury is one of the most important protections of a democracy.
13. Premises:
(1) Orangutans spend more than 95 percent of their time in the trees, which,
along with vines and termites, provide more than 99 percent of their food.
(2) Their only habitat is formed by the tropical rain forests of Borneo and
Sumatra.
Conclusion: Without forests, orangutans cannot survive.
14. Premise: If God is omniscient, he must already know how he is going to intervene
to change the course of history using his omnipotence.
Conclusion: God cannot change his mind about his intervention.
Premise: God cannot change his mind about his intervention.
Conclusion: If God is omniscient he is not omnipotent.
Premise: If God is omniscient he is not omnipotent.
Conclusion: Omniscient and omnipotence are mutually incompatible.
15. Premises:
(1)
Reason never comes to the aid of spiritual things.
(2)
More frequently than not, reason struggles against the divine Word, treating
all that comes from God with contempt.
Conclusion: Reason is the greatest enemy that faith has.
INTroducTIoN To
Logic
FIFTEENTH Edition
Irving M. Copi
Carl Cohen
Victor Rodych
Complete Chapter Solutions Manual
are included (Ch 1 to 14)
** Immediate Download
** Swift Response
** All Chapters included
, chapter 1
Section 1.2 Identify Premises and Conclusions
Exercises on pages 9–11
1. Premise: A well-regulated militia is necessary for the security of a free state.
Conclusion: The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
2. Premises:
(1) It’s easier (than photocopying) to buy your friend a paperback copy of a book.
(2) A paperback copy of the book is inexpensive.
Conclusion: What stops many people from photocopying a book and giving it
to a pal is not integrity but logistics.
3. Premise: Human intelligence is a gift from God.
Conclusion: To apply human intelligence to understand the world is not an
affront to God, but is pleasing to him.
4. Premise: Sir Edmund Hilary dedicated his life to helping build schools and hospitals
for the Sherpas who helped him to climb Mount Everest.
Conclusion: He is, for that reason, a hero.
5. Premises:
(1) Standardized tests have a disparate racial impact, as illustrated by the differ-
ence in the average scores of different ethnic groups.
(2) Ethnic differences arise on all kinds of tests, at all levels.
Conclusion: If a racial gap is evidence of discrimination, then all tests discriminate.
6. Premise: Everybody thinks himself so abundantly provided with good sense that
even those most difficult to please in all other matters do not commonly desire
more of it than they already possess.
Conclusion: Good sense is, of all things in the world, the most equally distributed.
7. Premise: Any words new to the United States are either stupid or foreign.
Conclusion: There is no such thing as the American language; there’s just bad
English.
8. Premise: In New York State alone taxpayers spent more than $200 million in a failed
death penalty experiment, with no one executed.
Conclusion: The death penalty is too costly.
Premise: [There has been] an epidemic of exonerations of death row inmates
upon post-conviction investigation, including ten New York inmates freed in the
, 2
Introduction to Logic
last eighteen months from long sentences being served for murders or rapes they
did not commit.
Conclusion: Capital punishment is unfair in its application, in addition to being
too costly.
9. Premise: Houses are built to live in, not to look on.
Conclusion: Use is to be preferred before [i.e., above] uniformity.
10. Premises:
(1) A boycott, although not violent, can cause economic harm to many.
(2) The greater the impact of a boycott, the more impressive is the statement it
makes.
(3) The economic consequences of a boycott are likely to be felt by innocent
bystanders, who suffer loss of income because of it.
Conclusion: The boycott weapon ought to be used sparingly.
11. Premises:
(1) In the early part of the 20th century forced population shifts were not
uncommon.
(2) In that period multicultural empires crumbled and nationalism drove the for-
mation of new, ethnically homogenous countries.
Conclusion: Ethnic cleansing was viewed not so long ago as a legitimate tool of
foreign policy.
12. Premises:
(1) If a jury is sufficiently unhappy with the government’s case or the govern-
ment’s conduct, it can simply refuse to convict.
(2) This possibility puts powerful pressure on the state to behave properly.
Conclusion: A jury is one of the most important protections of a democracy.
13. Premises:
(1) Orangutans spend more than 95 percent of their time in the trees, which,
along with vines and termites, provide more than 99 percent of their food.
(2) Their only habitat is formed by the tropical rain forests of Borneo and
Sumatra.
Conclusion: Without forests, orangutans cannot survive.
14. Premise: If God is omniscient, he must already know how he is going to intervene
to change the course of history using his omnipotence.
Conclusion: God cannot change his mind about his intervention.
Premise: God cannot change his mind about his intervention.
Conclusion: If God is omniscient he is not omnipotent.
Premise: If God is omniscient he is not omnipotent.
Conclusion: Omniscient and omnipotence are mutually incompatible.
15. Premises:
(1)
Reason never comes to the aid of spiritual things.
(2)
More frequently than not, reason struggles against the divine Word, treating
all that comes from God with contempt.
Conclusion: Reason is the greatest enemy that faith has.
