NURS 488 Cardiovascular System 1
With Complete Solution
What do adrenergic receptors do? - ANSWER -Stimulate the SNS
(neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine and dopamine)
-AKA adrenergic agonist or sympathomimetic
when are adrenergic used - ANSWER ICU
what do catecholamines do - ANSWER -Substances that produce a
sympathomimemetic response
-May be endogenous (such as epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine) or
synthetic (such as dobutamine)
when are catecholamines used - ANSWER heart failure patients
stress test
what is Positive chronotropic effect- - ANSWER increased heart rate
what is Positive dromotropic effect - ANSWER Increased conduction through
the AV node to ventricles
what is Positive inotropic effect - ANSWER increase force of contract of the
heart muscle, increases force of contraction
what 3 types of receptors are common to CV - ANSWER Alpha
Beta
Dopaminergic
,what do agonist drugs do - ANSWER drugs that produce a "mimic" effect
what do antagonist drugs do - ANSWER drugs that inhibit or block the action
of a neurotransmitter
what do cardioprotective drugs do - ANSWER applied to Beta Blockers that
inhibit stimulation of the heart by circulating catecholamines, used after an
MI
what do cardioselective beta blockers do - ANSWER beta blocking drugs that
are selective for beta 1 adrenergic receptors
what do nonselective beta blockers do - ANSWER beta blocking drugs that
block beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors
what do alpha adrenergic block drugs do - ANSWER drugs that interrupt or
block of the stimulation of the SNS
what can beta blockers affect - ANSWER asthma
diabetes
what is the First line antihypertensive in the CHEP guidelines - ANSWER
diuretics
Diuretics May be used alone (_____________) or ______________ - ANSWER
-monotherapy
-combination
what do diuretics do - ANSWER Decrease plasma and extracellular fluid
volumes which decreased preload, cardiac output, and total peripheral
resistance
= overall decrease in the workload of the heart
, what are the 3 types of diuretics - ANSWER -Potassium sparing,
-thiazide
-loop diuretics
what are the most commonly used diuretics - ANSWER Thiazides
- saves potassium
what will happen when preload is decreased - ANSWER amount of stretch
from blood coming back into heart, decreasing that will make right side of
the heart work less
Acetazolamide, Methazolamide - ANSWER Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Furosemide, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic Acid - ANSWER Loop Diuretics
Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothizaide, Indapamide, Metolazone,
Chlorthalidone, Trichlormethiazide - ANSWER Thiazide Diuretics
Amiloride, Spironolactone, Triamterene - ANSWER Potassium-Sparing
Diuretics
Which part of the renal system takes out a lot of fluid and potassium -
ANSWER descending loop of henle
what is the mechanism of action for thiazide diuretics - ANSWER -Inhibits the
reabsorption of sodium, potassium and chloride resulting in osmotic water
loss
-Relax arterioles (reduces afterload)
-Precipitate hypokalemia and hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, h
what is the indication for thiazide diuertics - ANSWER -Hypertension
With Complete Solution
What do adrenergic receptors do? - ANSWER -Stimulate the SNS
(neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine and dopamine)
-AKA adrenergic agonist or sympathomimetic
when are adrenergic used - ANSWER ICU
what do catecholamines do - ANSWER -Substances that produce a
sympathomimemetic response
-May be endogenous (such as epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine) or
synthetic (such as dobutamine)
when are catecholamines used - ANSWER heart failure patients
stress test
what is Positive chronotropic effect- - ANSWER increased heart rate
what is Positive dromotropic effect - ANSWER Increased conduction through
the AV node to ventricles
what is Positive inotropic effect - ANSWER increase force of contract of the
heart muscle, increases force of contraction
what 3 types of receptors are common to CV - ANSWER Alpha
Beta
Dopaminergic
,what do agonist drugs do - ANSWER drugs that produce a "mimic" effect
what do antagonist drugs do - ANSWER drugs that inhibit or block the action
of a neurotransmitter
what do cardioprotective drugs do - ANSWER applied to Beta Blockers that
inhibit stimulation of the heart by circulating catecholamines, used after an
MI
what do cardioselective beta blockers do - ANSWER beta blocking drugs that
are selective for beta 1 adrenergic receptors
what do nonselective beta blockers do - ANSWER beta blocking drugs that
block beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors
what do alpha adrenergic block drugs do - ANSWER drugs that interrupt or
block of the stimulation of the SNS
what can beta blockers affect - ANSWER asthma
diabetes
what is the First line antihypertensive in the CHEP guidelines - ANSWER
diuretics
Diuretics May be used alone (_____________) or ______________ - ANSWER
-monotherapy
-combination
what do diuretics do - ANSWER Decrease plasma and extracellular fluid
volumes which decreased preload, cardiac output, and total peripheral
resistance
= overall decrease in the workload of the heart
, what are the 3 types of diuretics - ANSWER -Potassium sparing,
-thiazide
-loop diuretics
what are the most commonly used diuretics - ANSWER Thiazides
- saves potassium
what will happen when preload is decreased - ANSWER amount of stretch
from blood coming back into heart, decreasing that will make right side of
the heart work less
Acetazolamide, Methazolamide - ANSWER Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Furosemide, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic Acid - ANSWER Loop Diuretics
Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothizaide, Indapamide, Metolazone,
Chlorthalidone, Trichlormethiazide - ANSWER Thiazide Diuretics
Amiloride, Spironolactone, Triamterene - ANSWER Potassium-Sparing
Diuretics
Which part of the renal system takes out a lot of fluid and potassium -
ANSWER descending loop of henle
what is the mechanism of action for thiazide diuretics - ANSWER -Inhibits the
reabsorption of sodium, potassium and chloride resulting in osmotic water
loss
-Relax arterioles (reduces afterload)
-Precipitate hypokalemia and hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, h
what is the indication for thiazide diuertics - ANSWER -Hypertension
