History 2111 UGA Exam 1 Questions and Answers

History 2111 UGA Exam 1 Questions and Answers Navigation Act of 1660 - Ans ️️ --established by Charles II of England. -series of laws that went into effect in 1651 that permitted free trade within England's colonial empire but restricted commerce with people outside it. -applauded by English merchants, but mixed reactions with colonists. -colonial merchants and planters felt it restricted their market because all goods had to be unloaded in England before reaching colonies. -purpose was to sever ties between English colonists and the Dutch merchants. -created England as a trade monopoly. Columbian Exchange - Ans ️️ --began in 1493. -movement of people, plants, animals, and pathogens between Americas and the rest of the world. -syphilis, smallpox, and measles. -cattle and pigs overran Espanola (Haiti) as they were brought in from Spain. -Spain exchanged cows, horses, smallpox, rice, coffee, sugar. -Spaniards stormed the Caribbean in search of new conquests, riches, and slaves. -creation of mestizos race.