NRNP 6675 FINAL EXAM
PREP
PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL
HEALTH PRACTITIONER
CARE ACROSS THE
LIFESPAN II
ANSWERED
2023/2024
,1. What are the four main components of a mental status examination (MSE)? How would you
conduct an MSE for a child, an adolescent, and an older adult?
- The four main components of a MSE are appearance, behavior, cognition, and mood/affect.
To conduct an MSE for a child, you would use age-appropriate language and tools, such as
drawings, puppets, or toys, to elicit information and observe the child's interaction with the
environment and caregivers. To conduct an MSE for an adolescent, you would use open -ended
questions and rapport-building techniques, such as reflecting, summarizing, and validating, to
explore the adolescent's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. You would also assess the
adolescent's level of risk for suicide, substance use, or violence. To conduct an MSE for an
older adult, you would use respectful and empathic communication, taking into account the
older adult's sensory and cognitive impairments, if any. You would also assess the older adult's
functional status, social support, and quality of life.
2. What are the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) according to the DSM-
5? What are some evidence-based interventions for MDD in different age groups?
- The diagnostic criteria for MDD according to the DSM-5 are: a) five or more of the following
symptoms present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous
functioning: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day; markedly diminished interest
or pleasure in all or almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight
loss or gain or decrease or increase in appetite; insomnia or hypersomnia; psychomotor
agitation or retardation; fatigue or loss of energy; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or
inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness; recur rent
thoughts of death or suicidal ideation or attempt; b) the symptoms cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; c) the
episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical
condition; d) the episode is not better explained by another mental disorder; e) there has
never been a manic or hypomanic episode. Some evidence-based interventions for MDD in
different age groups are: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT),
antidepressant medication (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs], serotonin -
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs], tricyclic antidepressants [TCAs], monoamine
oxidase inhibitors [MAOIs]), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS), light therapy, exercise, mindfulness-based interventions, and psychoeducation.
3. What are the common signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders in children, adolescents, and
adults? How would you differentiate between normal and pathological anxiety?
- The common signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders in children, adolescents, and adults
are: excessive worry or fear about specific situations or objects (e.g., separation anxiety
disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder); recurrent panic attacks characterized by
sudden onset of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by physical and cognitive symptoms
(e.g., panic disorder); persistent and intrusive thoughts, images, or impul ses that cause
distress and are followed by repetitive behaviors or mental acts to reduce anxiety (e.g.,
obsessive-compulsive disorder); exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or
sexual violence that leads to recurrent distressing memories, flashbacks, nightmares,
avoidance of reminders, negative alterations in mood and cognition, and increased arousal and
reactivity (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder); excessive anxiety and worry about various
domains that are difficult to control and cause significant impairment in functioning (e.g.,
generalized anxiety disorder). To differentiate between normal and pathological anxiety,
you would consider the following factors: frequency, intensity,
duration,
impairment,
and context. Normal anxiety is occasional,
,mild,
short-lived,
does not interfere with daily functioning,
and is appropriate to the situation. Pathological anxiety is frequent,
severe,
persistent,
causes significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational,
or other important areas of functioning,
and is disproportionate to the situation.
All of the following are risk factors for sexual assault EXCEPT
A Religion
.
B Serious mental illness
.
C Substance use disorder
.
D Family history of sexual
abuse
.
Question 2
Which of the following is consistent with what is known about postpartum depression?
A Feelings of guilt and inadequacy are often present and
excessive.
.
B Thoughts of harming the baby are often present.
.
C Typical onset is within 3–6 months after delivery.
.
D All of the above
.
Question 3
Affirmatively acting to benefit another or others, going beyond what is required by law is
known as which of the following?
A Fidelity
.
B Justice
.
C Beneficence
.
D Non-
maleficence
.
Question 4
Which of the following is used for treating alcohol-dependent individuals seeking to continue
to remain alcohol free after they have stopped drinking?
A Tacrine
.
, B eAmantadin
.
Galantami
C ne
.
Acamprosa
D te
.
Question 5
The NP can impact health policy and healthcare by doing which of the following?
A Become an active member of local, state, and/or national NP
organizations.
.
B Become familiar with the resources available on NP organization
websites.
.
C Volunteer to serve on legislative committees within professional NP
organizations.
.
D All the above
.
Question 6
The treatment of others equitably and distribution of benefits/burdens fairly is known as
which of the following?
A Fidelity
.
B Justice
.
C Beneficence
.
D Non-
maleficence
.
Question 7
Which of the following is inconsistent with current literature about victims of sexual abuse?
A All victims of sexual abuse are aware that they are in an abusive relationship.
.
B Victims of sexual abuse may willingly participate in sexual acts with an idolized
authority figure.
.
C The pre-existing relationship and familiarity with the abuser may impede the victim’s
ability to make rational decisions.
.
PREP
PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL
HEALTH PRACTITIONER
CARE ACROSS THE
LIFESPAN II
ANSWERED
2023/2024
,1. What are the four main components of a mental status examination (MSE)? How would you
conduct an MSE for a child, an adolescent, and an older adult?
- The four main components of a MSE are appearance, behavior, cognition, and mood/affect.
To conduct an MSE for a child, you would use age-appropriate language and tools, such as
drawings, puppets, or toys, to elicit information and observe the child's interaction with the
environment and caregivers. To conduct an MSE for an adolescent, you would use open -ended
questions and rapport-building techniques, such as reflecting, summarizing, and validating, to
explore the adolescent's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. You would also assess the
adolescent's level of risk for suicide, substance use, or violence. To conduct an MSE for an
older adult, you would use respectful and empathic communication, taking into account the
older adult's sensory and cognitive impairments, if any. You would also assess the older adult's
functional status, social support, and quality of life.
2. What are the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) according to the DSM-
5? What are some evidence-based interventions for MDD in different age groups?
- The diagnostic criteria for MDD according to the DSM-5 are: a) five or more of the following
symptoms present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous
functioning: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day; markedly diminished interest
or pleasure in all or almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight
loss or gain or decrease or increase in appetite; insomnia or hypersomnia; psychomotor
agitation or retardation; fatigue or loss of energy; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or
inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness; recur rent
thoughts of death or suicidal ideation or attempt; b) the symptoms cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; c) the
episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical
condition; d) the episode is not better explained by another mental disorder; e) there has
never been a manic or hypomanic episode. Some evidence-based interventions for MDD in
different age groups are: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT),
antidepressant medication (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs], serotonin -
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs], tricyclic antidepressants [TCAs], monoamine
oxidase inhibitors [MAOIs]), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS), light therapy, exercise, mindfulness-based interventions, and psychoeducation.
3. What are the common signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders in children, adolescents, and
adults? How would you differentiate between normal and pathological anxiety?
- The common signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders in children, adolescents, and adults
are: excessive worry or fear about specific situations or objects (e.g., separation anxiety
disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder); recurrent panic attacks characterized by
sudden onset of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by physical and cognitive symptoms
(e.g., panic disorder); persistent and intrusive thoughts, images, or impul ses that cause
distress and are followed by repetitive behaviors or mental acts to reduce anxiety (e.g.,
obsessive-compulsive disorder); exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or
sexual violence that leads to recurrent distressing memories, flashbacks, nightmares,
avoidance of reminders, negative alterations in mood and cognition, and increased arousal and
reactivity (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder); excessive anxiety and worry about various
domains that are difficult to control and cause significant impairment in functioning (e.g.,
generalized anxiety disorder). To differentiate between normal and pathological anxiety,
you would consider the following factors: frequency, intensity,
duration,
impairment,
and context. Normal anxiety is occasional,
,mild,
short-lived,
does not interfere with daily functioning,
and is appropriate to the situation. Pathological anxiety is frequent,
severe,
persistent,
causes significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational,
or other important areas of functioning,
and is disproportionate to the situation.
All of the following are risk factors for sexual assault EXCEPT
A Religion
.
B Serious mental illness
.
C Substance use disorder
.
D Family history of sexual
abuse
.
Question 2
Which of the following is consistent with what is known about postpartum depression?
A Feelings of guilt and inadequacy are often present and
excessive.
.
B Thoughts of harming the baby are often present.
.
C Typical onset is within 3–6 months after delivery.
.
D All of the above
.
Question 3
Affirmatively acting to benefit another or others, going beyond what is required by law is
known as which of the following?
A Fidelity
.
B Justice
.
C Beneficence
.
D Non-
maleficence
.
Question 4
Which of the following is used for treating alcohol-dependent individuals seeking to continue
to remain alcohol free after they have stopped drinking?
A Tacrine
.
, B eAmantadin
.
Galantami
C ne
.
Acamprosa
D te
.
Question 5
The NP can impact health policy and healthcare by doing which of the following?
A Become an active member of local, state, and/or national NP
organizations.
.
B Become familiar with the resources available on NP organization
websites.
.
C Volunteer to serve on legislative committees within professional NP
organizations.
.
D All the above
.
Question 6
The treatment of others equitably and distribution of benefits/burdens fairly is known as
which of the following?
A Fidelity
.
B Justice
.
C Beneficence
.
D Non-
maleficence
.
Question 7
Which of the following is inconsistent with current literature about victims of sexual abuse?
A All victims of sexual abuse are aware that they are in an abusive relationship.
.
B Victims of sexual abuse may willingly participate in sexual acts with an idolized
authority figure.
.
C The pre-existing relationship and familiarity with the abuser may impede the victim’s
ability to make rational decisions.
.
