NUR 327 Micro Assessment #3: Musculoskeletal

Causes of osteoporosis - Genetics, age, estrogen levels (low levels/ menopause is a risk factor), anorexia nervosa, prolonged bed rest, stress of weight, vitamin C, D, calcium, and protein deficiency. What is osteoporosis? - decrease in bone density Types of Fractures – -Transverse -Spiral -Longitudinal -Oblique -Comminuted -Impacted -Greenstick -Stress -Avulsion spiral fracture is most common in - children complete fracture - a break that extends through the entire thickness of the bone incomplete fracture - bone is not broken all the way through open (compound) fracture - the broken bone has pierced through the skin. closed (simple) fracture - break that does not penetrate the skin compressed fracture - when there is a blunt force being put on the bone causing it to shatter on itself. transverse fracture - bone break with fracture line straight across shaft of bone spiral fracture - a fracture in which the brake in the bone is twisted apart longitudinal fracture - a fracture that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone oblique fracture - bone break in which fracture line runs along an angle to shaft of the bonecomminuted fracture - fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed impacted fracture - fracture in which one bone fragment is pushed into another greenstick fracture - bending and incomplete break of a bone; most often seen in children