AC-HPAT Biology exam 2023/2024 with 100% correct answers

Pancreas and Type 1 diabetes - correct answer The pancreas is the organ that produces insulin, and it plays a major role in regulating blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not make enough or any insulin. How does insulin work in diabetes? - correct answer Insulin pumps are small, computerized devices that mimic the way the human pancreas works by delivering small doses of short acting insulin continuously (basal rate). The device also is used to deliver variable amounts of insulin when a meal is eaten (bolus) chemotherapy - correct answer Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in your body. Chemotherapy is most often used to treat cancer, since cancer cells grow and multiply much more quickly than most cells in the body. It targets cells that grow and divide quickly, as cancer cells do. Unlike radiation or surgery, which target specific areas, chemo can work throughout your body. But it can also affect some fast-growing healthy cells, like those of the skin, hair, intestines, and bone marrow. How can stem cells be used in the treatment of leukemia? And how effective is it? - correct answer Stem cell transplant replaces the leukemia cells in your bone marrow with new ones that make blood. Your doctor can get the new stem cells from your own body or from a donor. Stem cell transplantation is effective against leukemia. In many cases, however, the transferred immune cells of the donor also attack the recipients' healthy tissue—often with fatal consequences. ... Stem cell therapy offers people suffering from leukemia or bone-marrow cancer the chance of full recovery. Why is laser technology more effective than conventional surgery in removing cancerous tumours? - correct answer Lasers are more precise than standard surgical tools (scalpels), so they do less damage to normal tissues. As a result, patients usually have less pain, bleeding, swelling, and scarring. With laser therapy, operations are usually shorter. Urinary system - correct answer · The urinary system, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH Nanotechnology - correct answer Nanotechnology can provide rapid and sensitive detection of cancer-relat