ATI Renal Exam Flashcard

Serum creatinine - Produced due to protein and muscle breakdown Serum creatinine - This will be elevated in the event of kidney disease. Kidney function loss has to be at least 50%. BUN - Blood urea nitrogen. Results from breakdown of protein in the liver BUN - Factors that affect this are: - dehydration - infection - chemotherapy - steroid therapy - reabsorption of blood in the liver from damaged tissue Urinalysis - Collection of early morning specimen provides a more concentrated sample Urine - Analyzed for color, clarity, concentration or dilution, specific gravity and presence of drug metabolites, glucose, ketone bodies and protein Urine - This is collected for 24 hours to measure levels of creatinine or urea nitrogen, sodium, chloride, calcium, catecholamines and proteins. Urine creatinine clearance - Urine collection for 24 hours that measures glomerular filtration rates for clients who have suspected renal dysfunction KUB - An x ray of the kidneys, ureters and bladder KUB - Can identify renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits or obstructions. Hemorrhage - The most immediate client risk following a kidney biopsy if clotting does not occur at the puncture site Urinalysis - Clean catch specimen recommended for culture and sensitivity. Dialysis - -Rids the body of excess fluid and electrolytes - Achieves acid base balance - Eliminates waste products Hemodialysis - Shunts the blood from the body through a dialyzer and back into circulation. Hemodialysis - Nursing action is: Avoid taking blood pressure, administering injections, performing venipunctures or inserting IV lines on an arm with an access site. Hemodialysis - Assess: - Vital signs - Lab values (BUN, serum creatinine, electrolytes) and weight - Withhold dialyzable and hypertension meds until after procedure is completed Hemodialysis - Nursing actions are: - Monitoring for complications - Hypotension - cramping -vomiting - bleeding at the access site -administer anticoagulants as prescribed Client education - During dialysis advise patient to notify nurse of: - Headache - nausea - dizziness Hemodialysis - Decrease in blood pressure and lab values are expected after procedure