EKG Rhythms Exam Questions With Answers

EKG Rhythms Exam Questions With Answers Normal Sinus Rhythm - -60-100 bpm all complexes normal and evenly spaced (P, QRS, T) Sinus Arrest - -- SA node doesn't fire - notice absence of P-wave for a complete cycle (a missed cycle) Sinus arrhythmia - -all complexes normal but rhythmically irreg - normal finding (esp in young pts) that has to do with breathing (rate: inhale-increase, exhale-decrease) Sinus Bradycardia - -60 normal sinus rhythm Sinus Tachycardia - -100 (100-150) normal sinus rhythm Wandering atrial pacemaker - -Hint: try never to pick this - impulse originate from varying points in atria - variation in P wave contour, PR-I, PP-I and thus RR-I P wave vs T wave - -P generally smaller than T MAT (multifocal atrial tachy) - -- impulse originates at diff places in atria so P waves diff and intervals might not be consistent - assoc w/ severe pulm dz Atrial Fibrillation - -A: 350-450 (atria quivering) - irreg-irreg rhythm (R-RI=irreg) **unsure/no P-wave (non-distinguishable)** - irreg rhythm BUT reg QRS! Danger: increase the risk of thromboemoblic events don't convert unless occurring less than 48 hrs, if don't know pt need to be put on thrombolytics) Atrial Flutter - -A: 250-350 - "saw tooth" p-waves - a continuous rapid sequence of atrial complexes from a single rapid-firing atrial focus (hint: if see 2 P waves and QRS think A Flutter) Junctional Escape beats - -retrograde atrial depolarization P' is inverted Junctional rhythm - -40-60 Regular! -impulse from AV node w/ retro/antegrade transmission - P wave often inverted/buried/follow QRS - slow rate - narrow QRS (not wide like ventricular) Junctional Tachycardia - -60 bpm (ms. K; 150-250) - KEY: will be regular (consistent) - AV junction produces a rapid sequence of QRS-T cycles - p-wave often inverted/buried/follow QRS Premature junctional contractions (PJC) - -- premature slightly widened QRS - +/- inverted P', before or after QRS, sometimes disappears w/in QRS