BIO 202 EXAM 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
cell - ANSWER-smallest living unit
organ - ANSWER-tissues that are grouped together
what best accounts for total body water (TBW) content? - ANSWER-intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid
homeostasis - ANSWER-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
Negative feedback - ANSWER-a mechanism by which a body system makes a functional adjustment in order to compensate (bring back to normal) for a change (increase or decrease) in a regulated variable?
when glucose levels are high.... - ANSWER-The pancreas releases insulin.
a liver cell responds to insulin by.... - ANSWER-Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen.
What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose? - ANSWER-liver cells
Body cells that respond to insulin include - ANSWER-Liver cells, as well as most other cells
When blood glucose levels are low - ANSWER-The pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
sequence of insulin output - ANSWER-1: High glucose levels
2: Pancreas releases insulin
3: insulin binds to receptors on target cells
4: cells take in glucose
5: glucose returns to normal
In which type of diabetes is regulating plasma volume the main problem, rather than the
ability to control blood glucose levels? - ANSWER-diabetes insipidus
Extracellular fluid is synonymous with _______ - ANSWER-internal environment barriers (including epithelial barriers) that may or may not allow for molecular movement
from one compartment to another. - ANSWER-semipermeable or selectively permeable
A primary active transport process is one in which ___ - ANSWER-molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP
Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. This type of transport is known as ____ - ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to - ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This statement describes _____. - ANSWER-primary active transport
A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular
fluid. This statement describes _____. - ANSWER-exocytosis
Which ion is found in a higher concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment?
- ANSWER-K+ (potassium)
refers to the number of molecules that cross the membrane in a given length of time - ANSWER-flux
If a person sprays air freshener into a room, the fragrance will eventually reach your nose, even in the absence of air currents. Which of the following best describes this process? - ANSWER-simple diffusion
The transport of two substances across a membrane in the same direction is known as ________ - ANSWER-cotransport
The flow of water across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient is known as __ - ANSWER-osmosis
Which of the following epithelial membranes is known as the blood-facing membrane? - ANSWER-basolateral membrane
Sodium, calcium, and potassium are - ANSWER-positively charged cations
Sodium and calcium ions are higher in the - ANSWER-extracellular fluid
Potassium ions are higher in the.. - ANSWER-intracellular fluid
cell - ANSWER-smallest living unit
organ - ANSWER-tissues that are grouped together
what best accounts for total body water (TBW) content? - ANSWER-intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid
homeostasis - ANSWER-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
Negative feedback - ANSWER-a mechanism by which a body system makes a functional adjustment in order to compensate (bring back to normal) for a change (increase or decrease) in a regulated variable?
when glucose levels are high.... - ANSWER-The pancreas releases insulin.
a liver cell responds to insulin by.... - ANSWER-Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen.
What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose? - ANSWER-liver cells
Body cells that respond to insulin include - ANSWER-Liver cells, as well as most other cells
When blood glucose levels are low - ANSWER-The pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
sequence of insulin output - ANSWER-1: High glucose levels
2: Pancreas releases insulin
3: insulin binds to receptors on target cells
4: cells take in glucose
5: glucose returns to normal
In which type of diabetes is regulating plasma volume the main problem, rather than the
ability to control blood glucose levels? - ANSWER-diabetes insipidus
Extracellular fluid is synonymous with _______ - ANSWER-internal environment barriers (including epithelial barriers) that may or may not allow for molecular movement
from one compartment to another. - ANSWER-semipermeable or selectively permeable
A primary active transport process is one in which ___ - ANSWER-molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP
Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. This type of transport is known as ____ - ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to - ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This statement describes _____. - ANSWER-primary active transport
A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular
fluid. This statement describes _____. - ANSWER-exocytosis
Which ion is found in a higher concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment?
- ANSWER-K+ (potassium)
refers to the number of molecules that cross the membrane in a given length of time - ANSWER-flux
If a person sprays air freshener into a room, the fragrance will eventually reach your nose, even in the absence of air currents. Which of the following best describes this process? - ANSWER-simple diffusion
The transport of two substances across a membrane in the same direction is known as ________ - ANSWER-cotransport
The flow of water across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient is known as __ - ANSWER-osmosis
Which of the following epithelial membranes is known as the blood-facing membrane? - ANSWER-basolateral membrane
Sodium, calcium, and potassium are - ANSWER-positively charged cations
Sodium and calcium ions are higher in the - ANSWER-extracellular fluid
Potassium ions are higher in the.. - ANSWER-intracellular fluid
