IHI: PS 103: human factors and safety Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

How is our mental function defined as - automatic thinking rapid and effortless what is an error of execution? - if your gas tank is on the right but your friends is on the left if you pull up to the pump with the tank on the right What is controlled thinking - consciously solve problems and make decisions sometimes this can be a slow process involving a great deal of effort. what type of thinking leads to errors of planing - controlled thinking What are mental short cuts your brain uses during controlled and automatic thinking called? - heuristics What do heuristics lead to? - incorrect actions and poor decision making What is Cognitive dispositions to respond? - predictable ways that humans misjudge situations What categories are cognitive dispositions to respond in the medical field? - 1. faulty assessment of probability overestimating the likelihood of something 2. failure to seriously consider all relevant possibilities What are endogenous/ internal causes? - factors related to the individualphysiological states that cloud our judgement and though processes -limited memory capacity -fatigue -stress -language limitations -hazardous attitudes what are External/exogenous causes of error? - factos related to the situation the individual is in -noise, heat, light -long work hours -inadequate training -poorly designed rules or procedures -interruptions and distractions -language barriers what is the most common physiologic factor that can lead to error in both automatic and controlled thinking? - fatigue