NCLEX Review questions (Mark K) questions and answers well illustrated.

NCLEX Review questions (Mark K) questions and answers well illustrated. Your pt has respiratory acidosis your pt has: (select all that apply) a) +1 reflexes b) diarrhea c) a dynamic ileus d) spasm e) urinary retention f) paraxysmol atrial tachycardia e) 2nd degree, mobitz, type 2 heart block g) hypokalemia - correct answers.a) +1 reflexes c) a dynamic ileus e) urinary retention g) 2nd degree, mobitz, type 2 heart block A pt has pneumonia present in 4 lobes, they have a RR of 52, and a SpO2 of 78. What acid-base imbalance is the patient exhibiting? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.c) respiratory acidosis -the rate is less important than the gas exchange, if the SpO2 is 78 then gas exchange is not good and shows acidosis -they are under ventilating, under = acidosis -not about rate about SaO2 or SpO2 If your pt is on a PCA pump, what acid-base imbalance will cause you to take them off of it? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.c) respiratory acidosis -PCA pumps depress respirations = underventilation If your male pt comes in with hyper-emesis what acid-base imbalance would he have? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.b) metabolic alkalosis -vomiting or suctioning = met alkalosis -losing acid If a male pt comes in with prolonged hyper-emesis that has lead to dehydration what acid-base imbalance would they have? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.d) metabolic acidosis -even though the pt is vomiting, they are now dehydrated which is the main take away from the question, dehydration = acidosis If an infant comes in with diarrhea, what acid-base imbalance is anticipated? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.d) metabolic acidosis -diarrhea is not vomiting or suctioning so it is not alkalosis -diarrhea leads to dehydration = acidosis If your pt is in kidney failure, what acid-base imbalance do you expect to see? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.d) metabolic acidosis -not a lung issue -not due to vomiting or suctioning If a pt has third degree (full thickness) burns over 60% of their body in the first phase, what acid-base imbalance do you expect to see? a) respiratory alkalosis b) metabolic alkalosis c) respiratory acidosis d) metabolic acidosis - correct answers.d) metabolic acidosis -not a lung issue -not due to vomiting or suctioning How often do you suction pts? a) every 2 hrs b) every 15 min c) every hour d) every 4 hours e) none of the above - correct answers.e) none of the above -suction as needed only -suctioning is a double edge sword, the more your suction the more secretions are produced