AGACNP Final Exam 2023/2024 with 100% correct answers

Who should be screened for HIV? What test do you use? Do you need consent - correct answer Anyone age 15-65 at least once High risk individuals annually (consider 3-6 months) Always include in prenatal testing and high risk individuals in 3rd trimester Written consent and prevention counseling is not required This is OPT out Testing Test using 4th generation HIV test The 4th generation HIV test differs from the ELISA/Western Blot how? What about rapid HIV test - correct answer CDC does not use rapid (Oraquick) test in algorithms The 4th generation HIV test is an antibody and antigen test it looks for P24 antigen and HIV viral load, Qualitative HIV RNA test. Older tests only look for antibodies which sometimes do not develop for 3 months. What is considered the most specific HIV test and when do you use this? - correct answer NAT-Nucleic Acid Test-tests for viral particles. This is very expensive and is done after 4th gen test when first result is positive then the HIV 1 & 2 differentiation are negative for HIV 1 and HIV 2 When would you prescribe ART therapy? How many meds? What is most difficult besides SE of taking ART therapy - correct answer Start on all HIV positive patients regardless of CD4 count-3 drug regimen. Adherence is the most difficult you have to be 95% adherent in order to prevent resistance. If you transmit HIV you also transmit the resistant HIV Side effects of ART (Initial vs Long term) - correct answer Initial: n/v/d, fatigue ha, dizzy, poor sleep Initial symptoms worse first 2 weeks then decline over the next month.