CLEP Biology Study Guide

What is the control center of the cell? - Answer-Nucleus What surrounds the Nucleus, is elastic and semi-permeable? - Answer-Nuclear Membrane What allows passage of materials both in and out of the nucleus? - Answer-Nuclear Membrane What assembles to form chromosomes during reproduction? - Answer-Chromatin What is the genetic makeup of the cell, which is DNA - Answer-Chromatin and Chromosomes What are roughly sperical and contained in the nucleus? - Answer-Nucleoli What components are located inside the nucleus? (4) - Answer-Chromatin Nucleoli DNA RNA What controls the production of ribosomal RNA and ribosomes? - Answer-Nucleoli What are membrane-bound organelles that enclose materials in the cytoplasm? - Answer-Vacuoles Wastes, nutrients and water are stored in __________ untill they can be utilized by the cell. - Answer-Vacuoles What is part of the cell were a major portion of the energy needed for cell function is produced? - Answer-Mitochondria What has double membranes and their own DNA? - Answer-Mitochondria Where is the site where the translation of messenger RNA into protein occurs? - Answer-Ribosome Ribosome float in cytoplasm to create proteins within the cell. To excrete proteins the ribosome must be attached to the __________. - Answer-Endoplasmic Reticulum What are the three types of endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer-Rough Smooth Sarcoplasmic __________ Endoplasmic Reticulum is where ribosomes attach if they are making protiens to be secreted and synthesized here. - Answer-Rough __________ Endoplasmic Reticulum is where lipids are produced. - Answer-Smooth __________ Endoplasmic Reticulum are found in muscle cells and store/release calcium. - Answer-Sacroplasmic What is the fluid of a cell? - Answer-Cytoplasm Cytoplasm contains: (7) - Answer-Water Vitamins Minerals Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Nucleic Acids