ATI Pharmacology Proctor 2019 questions and answers well illustrated.

ATI Pharmacology Proctor 2019 questions and answers well illustrated. What is/are the action(s) of the drug metformin? a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption b. Increases sensitivity to insulin c. Short term sedation d. Both A and B - correct answers.d. Both A and B When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the patient of which of the following a. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other antihypertensives b. This drug is not intended for long term use c. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake d. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of orthostatic hypotension - correct answers.b. This drug is not intended for long term use When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various signs and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to give which of the following to reverse digoxin toxicity a. Naloxone b. Vitamin K c. Digibind d. Fluemanzil - correct answers.c. Digibind While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks what the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the action of an ACE inhibitor is a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II b. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing urine output and lowering blood pressure c. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and Beta2 rec - correct answers.a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II Which of the following types of insulin is "long-acting"? a. Lispro (Humalog) b. NPH (Humulin N) c. Regular insulin (Humulin R) d. Glargine (Lantus) - correct answers.d. Glargine (Lantus) 1. What is the therapeutic use of metformin? A. Lower blood pressure. B. To diminish seizure activity. C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose. D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions. - correct answers.C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose. 1. What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs. C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter. D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body - correct answers.A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body 2. What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply. A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines. E. Anorexia - correct answers.A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines. What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply. A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself. D. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug. - correct answers.A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself. 1. ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT: a. Hypertension b. Heart Failure c. Hypotension d. Diabetic nephropathy - correct answers.c. Hypotension 2. Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? a. Beta-blockers b. Cholinesterase Inhibitors c. ACE inhibitors d. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) - correct answers.a. Beta-blockers 3. When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for a. Intake and output b. Mental status changes c. Respiratory rate d. Anorexia - correct answers.b. Mental status changes 4. Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin? a. Protamine sulfate b. Vitamin K c. Naloxone d. Toradol - correct answers.a. Protamine sulfate A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as the antidote if they experience toxicity? A. Naloxone B. N-acetylcysteine C. Atropine D. Digoxin immune Fab - correct answers.A. Naloxone A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid activity. What should you include in their education? A. Don't bother your health care professionals if you experience side effects B. Take this at the same time every day C. Thyroid tests are unnecessary while taking this drug D. It is okay to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial infarction - correct answers.B. Take this at the same time every day A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Lithium C. Alprazolam (Xanax) D. Spironolactone - correct answers.C. Alprazolam (Xanax) Which of the following is NOT an opioid or NSAID? A. Morphine B. Ibuprofen C. Hydromorphone D. Acetaminophen - correct answers.D. Acetaminophen Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors? A. To assess for renal impairment B. You must make sure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure D. You must assess for NSAID use E. To assess for decreased blood pressure - correct answers.C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure ) Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism? A. Heparin B. Insulin C. Propranolol D. Nitroglycerine E. Warfarin - correct answers.C. Propranolol What nursing interventions should you do when a patient is on Albuterol (select all that apply) A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering B. Monitor for changes in behavior C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms D. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture - correct answers.A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms E. Note sputum color and texture What patient could potentially take the drug Senna? A. A patient with an eating disorder B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days C. A patient with anal fissures D. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids E. A patient who has hypersensitivity - correct answers.B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days What is the category class of Lithium? A. Antidiabetics, biguanides B. Mood stabilizers C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants D. Vascular headache suppressants - correct answers.B. Mood stabilizers What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That Apply. A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used - correct answers.A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin? A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of existing thrombi - correct answers.C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias At what amount does Acetaminophen stop controlling pain? A. Over 1,000 mg B. 750 mg C. Over 1,500 mg D. 150 mg - correct answers.A. Over 1,000 mg When should the drug Montelukast be taken