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College 1 aantekeningen Gezinspedagogiek

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College 1 aantekeningen Gezinspedagogiek

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HC 1 Gezinspedagogiek – Het gezin in evolutionair perspectief

Fenotype wordt gevormd door

- Gedeelde omgeving (c=common environment)
- Unieke omgeving (e=error)
- Genen (G=genes)

Genen en omgeving kunnen elkaar versterken

- Assortative mating is the tendency for people to choose mates who are more similar
(positive) or dissimilar (negative) to themselves in phenotype characteristics than would be
expected by chance.
- Correlatie tussen genen en omgeving
 Kind kiest omgeving die bij hem past
 Omgeving kan uitkomst gen versterken
 Genetische bagage kind roept reacties omgeving op
 Sociale interactie met genetisch verwante personen
- Interactie tussen genen en omgeving: GxO
 Genetische ontvankelijkheid bepaalt invloed van omgevingsinvloeden

De drie gebieden (G, C, E) beïnvloeden elkaar

- Ouders (C) hebben invloed op keuze school (E)
- Differentiële onafhankelijkheid (G) invloed op effect ouders (C)
- Monozygote tweeling (G) lokt eenzijdige opvoeding uit (C), G lijkt groter bij MZ

Sociale intelligentie

- Machiavellian intelligence hypothesis: gebruik maken van inside information (weten wat een
ander weet)
- Machiavellian intelligence zichtbaar in gedrag:
 Iemand de schuld geven of vergeven
 Liegen of waarheid vertellen
 Bondjes sluiten
 Beloftes maken of breken
 Regels maken of overtreden
 Iemand misleiden

Mensen zijn beter in mind-reading dan apen!

- Gehechtheidsgedrag heeft overlevingswaarde
- Bowlby: nabijheid moeder (monotropie!) essentieel voor overleven
- Maar: zorg door alloparents kan ook

Bowlby vs Hrdy

- Bowlby: Infant survival depends on baby’s relationship with his mother
- Hrdy: Infant survival depends on baby’s relationship with mother + others



Evolutietheorie

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