ICLA Standard 1 | 70 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

affix - Answer a prefix or suffix that changes the meaning or function of a root word alphabetic principle - Answer the idea that each sound or phoneme of a language should have its own graphic representation automaticity - Answer fluent processing of information when reading, requires little or no effort, sightword recognition closed syllable - Answer a syllable ending with one or more consonants, as in had, but, it, get, got, operate; the vowel sound is usually short, CVC or VC concepts of print - Answer the recognition of the conventions of written language; left to right, top to bottom, the difference between a letter and a word, punctuation, parts of a book consonant - Answer speech sound made by partial or complete closure of a part of the vocal tract, obstructs air flow and causes friction, a letter or sound consonant blend - Answer in a syllable, a sequence of two or more distinguishable consonants sounds, before or after a vowel, refers only to sounds, blends can be initial or final consonant digraph - Answer a combination of two consonant letters representing a single speed sound as gn for /n/, gh for /f/, /ch/, ph for /f/, etc... can be final or initial decode - Answer to analyze spoken or graphic symbols of a language to ascertain their intended meaning diphthong - Answer vowel sound produced when the tongue glides from one vowel to another, produces one sound; boy, round, oilemergent literacy - Answer the association of print with meaning that begins early in a child's life and continues until the child reaches the stage of conventional reading and writing encoding - Answer to put a message into symbols, spoken into written (writing) explicit instruction - Answer instruction that is fully and clearly expressed, nothing implied, teacher directed and often scripted