Marine Biology – 7 Latest Update 100% Pass

Marine Biology – 7 Latest Update 100% Pass Algae are divided taxonomically into different groups based on differences in: accessory pigments. The macroalgae are commonly known as: seaweeds. The color of light that penetrates seawater to the greatest depth in coastal waters is: green. The depth distribution of algae is limited by: light quality. The compensation depth refers to: the depth which provides only enough light for photosynthesis but not growth. The greatest diversity of algae is found at: tropical latitudes. In colder regions, some macroalgae die off in winter, but others termed ____ live for at least 2 years. perennials. What is the dominant photosynthetic pigment found in all types of algae? Chlorophyll a. Photosynthetic pigments of algae are found in cells within: chloroplasts. All of the following photosynthetic pigment are found in red algae except: fucoxanthin Some algae utilize calcium carbonate to: deter herbivores. Fragmentation is a type of ____ for drift algae, like Sargassum. asexual reproduction When two or separate multicellular algae stages occur in succession we call this: alternation of generation. The phylum of green algae is: Chlorophyta. Those green algae that have large cells with multiple nuclei are termed: coenocytic. The marine macrophyte group with the highest number of species is: red algae. The following are all main points of the article Seaweeds and Medicine, except: it is extremely expensive to extract useful substances from seaweeds. Coralline red algae have an outer covering made of: calcium carbonate. The haploid stage of the red algae life cycle is called: gametophyte. The diploid stage of the red algae life cycle is called: tetrasporophyte. The carposporphyte ____. remains in the female gametophyte Red algae are important to biomedical/microbiological laboratories due to the algal production of: agar. Brown algae belong to phylum: Phaeophyta. All the following photosynthetic pigments are found in brown algae except: phycocyanin. The brown algae can reach up to ____ meters in length. 100 Brown algae are most diverse and abundant alone coastlines ____ . at temperate latitudes Most brown algae start life attached to rocks; a notable exception is: North Atlantic Sargassum. In the giant kelp the large thallus is the ____ life stage. sporophyte This structure can grow >50 m long in kelp. Stipe. Sargassum... is common in the Gulf Stream, buoyed by pnuematocysts, and forms a habitat for animals. ____ is an important food additive that is obtained from giant kelp. Alginate All of the following are hydrophytes: turtle grass, Zostera, and surf grass. Marine flowering plants produce ____. seeds. Flowering plants that are salt tolerant are called: halophytes. An example of a hydrophyte flowering plant that can withstand and thrive under conditions of continued submergence is: turtle grass. The horizontal stems of seagrasses are called: rhizomes. Most seagrasses add nutrients into the marine food chain via: detritus. Which of the following is false about marine plants? They are found only in tropical areas. The purpose of specialized lacunae are to: carry oxygen to plant parts and provide buoyancy to the blade. Salt marsh plants differ from seagrasses in that they: are not fully marine plants. Salt marsh plants play an important ecological role in: habitat for small animals. Cordgrass maintains osmotic balance with: salt glands. A mechanism in many salt plants to control osmotic pressure is: to have succulent parts. How are giant kelp and sea grass alike? Both contain chlorphyll a and utilize gas-filled spaces for buoyancy. Mangroves typically occur in/on: tropical and subtropical areas. Mangrove trees have specialized ____ to stabilize the plant in ____ . roots, mud Pneumatophores are specialized to: exchange gas and produce nutritive roots. Which of the following has a role in sediment consolidation similar to that of mangroves? Seagrasses. Marine plants may contribute to the prevention of algal blooms by: absorbing excess nutrients. Organisms that grow on the surface of algae and marine plants are specifically called: epiphytes. T/F Algae can reproduce both sexually and asexually. True T/F Red algae can only live in deep waters because their photosynthetic pigment are adapted only for these depths. False T/F Air bladders of kelp function to anchor the thallus to the substrate. False T/F Holdfasts of algae and roots of flowering plants are not functionally identical. False T/F The sporophyte generation of kelp is dominant and larger than the gametophyte. True T/F The sporophyte and gametophyte stages of sea lettuce are not identical. True T/F Seagrasses are not true grasses. False T/F Seagrasses do not produce pollen. True T/F The root system of mangroves is extensive and penetrates deep into the sediment. True T/F The greatest importance of seagrasses and salt marsh plants as a source of food is that they are eaten directly by invertebrates and wildlife. False