Karch's Focus on Pharmacology 8th Ed. | Chapter 1 questions and answers well illustrated.

Karch's Focus on Pharmacology 8th Ed. | Chapter 1 questions and answers well illustrated. Clinical Pharmacology - correct study of drugs used to treat, prevent, or diagnose disease. Phase I drug studies involve - correct hy human volunteers who are often paid for their participation. The generic name of a drug is - correct original name assigned to the drug at the beginning of the evaluation process. An orphan drug is a drug that - correct been tested but is not considered to be financially viable. The FDA pregnancy categories were used - correct indicate a drug's potential or actual teratogenic effects. The storing, prescribing, and distributing of controlled substances - drugs that are more apt to be addictive - are monitored by - correct DEA. Healthy young women are not usually involved in phase I studies of drugs because - correct es are more apt to suffer problems with ova, which are formed only before birth. A patient has been taking fluoxetine (Prozac) for several years, but when picking up the prescription this month found that the tablets looked different and became concerned. The nurse, checking with the pharmacist, found that fluoxetine had just become available in the generic form and the prescription had been filled with the generic product. The nurse should tell the patient - correct the law requires that prescriptions be filled with the generic form if available to cut down the cost of medications. When teaching a patient about OTC drugs, which points should the nurse include? - correct answers.c. Many of these drugs were once prescription drugs but are now thought to be safe for use without a prescription when used as directed. d. Reading the label of these drugs is very important; the name of the active ingredient is prominent; you should always check the ingredient name. e. It is important to read the label and to see what the recommended dose of the drug is; some of these drugs can cause serious problems if too much of the drug is taken. f. It is important to report the use of any OTC drug to your healthcare provider because many of them can interact with drugs that might be prescribed for you. A patient asks what generic drugs are and if he should be using them to treat his infection. Which of the following statements should be included in the nurse's explanation? - correct answers.a. A generic drug is a drug that is sold by the name of the ingredient, not the brand name. c. Generic drugs are not available until the patent expires on a specific drug. d. Generic drugs are usually cheaper than the well-known brand names, and some insurance companies require that you receive the generic drug if one is available. f. Your physician may want you to have the brand name of a drug, not the generic form, and DAW will be on your prescription form. A nurse is teaching a client about the pharmacotherapeutics of the hormone replacement therapy that the client has been prescribed. What topic should the nurse address? - correct effect of the drug on the client's body. After teaching a group of students about the responsibilities of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) related to drugs, the instructor determines that the students need additional teaching when they identify what as a major responsibility? - correct cement of control of substances with high abuse potential The nurse understands that medications are not just manufactured and dispensed. How many phases of clinical trials must a drug go through in order to meet approval standards? - correct answers.4 Which drugs are examples of Schedule III medications that have accepted medical use in the United States? Select all that apply. - correct barbital chlorphentermine The nurse is reviewing a prescription for a medication with a client. On the prescription, the nurse read "DAW." What should the nurse teach the client? - correct answers.The brand name of the drug must be dispensed. A client asks a nurse whetherover-the-counter drugs have any disadvantages. What would the nurse cite as potential disadvantages? (Select all that apply.) - correct urate self-diagnoses choosing an incorrect drug delaying treatment by a health care provider developing adverse drug reactions A client is started on aripiprazole and the nurse notices the client is experiencing dry mouth and nasal congestion. What intervention does the nurse teach the client to minimize the side effects of the medication? - correct answers.Drinking frequent sips of water. Which client is most likely to experience the benefits of the the placebo effect? - correct answers.A client with an infection who states, "I know this antibiotic is going to work for me A nurse has been administering a drug to a client intramuscularly (IM). The health care provider discontinued the IM dose and wrote an order for the drug to be given orally. The nurse notices that the oral dosage is considerably higher than the parenteral dose and understands that this due to: - correct answers.First-pass effect The breakdown of oral drugs in the liver immediately after absorption is known as which of the following? - correct answers.First-pass effect A patient with a recent diagnosis of acute renal failure has a long-standing seizure disorder which has been successfully controlled for several years with antiseizure medications. The nurse should recognize that the patient's compromised renal function will likely - correct answers.Increase the half life of medications that are metabolized by the kidney. The nurse knows that a client is at high risk for developing drug tolerance because the client will be taking which drug for a long period of time? - correct answers.Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) for pain The nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting adverse medication effects. The nurse should recognize that adverse effects can be extensions of: - correct primary action of a drug. The birth defects associated with thalidomide (Thalomid) resulted in legislation known as the: - correct answers.Kefauver-Harris Act of 1962. Which Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy category indicates that animal studies on the drug have shown adverse fetal effects, but there are no adequate studies in humans? - correct ory C People and companies that are legally empowered to handle controlled substances must follow what procedures? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers.Keep accurate records of all transactions. Provide for secure storage of controlled substances. Be registered with the DEA. A drug was introduced to the market, where it was well received, and the nurse has learned that generic equivalents will soon be released. The nurse should understand what implication of this fact? - correct answers.The manufacturer's patent on the drug has recently expired.