SPECIFICATION RELATED SUB-TOPIC QUESTIONS.
1. Describe what a mole is and what is meant by a molar solution.
2. Explain bonding and the formation of molecules.
3. Describe polymerisation and state what macromolecules are.
4. Describe condensation reactions and hydrolysis.
5. Describe metabolism.
1. Describe how carbohydrates are constructed.
2. Describe the structure of monosaccharides.
3. Describe the tests for reducing and non-reducing sugars.
1. Describe the test for starch.
2. Describe the test for non-reducing sugars.
3. Explain how monosaccharides are linked together to form disaccharides.
4. Describe how alpha glucose molecules are linked to form starch.
1. Explain how alpha glucose monomers are arranged to form the polymers of starch
and glycogen.
2. Explain how beta glucose monomers are arranged to form the polymer cellulose.
3. Explain how the molecular structures of starch,glycogen and cellulose relate to their
functions
1. Describe the role of lipids.
2. Describe the test for a lipid.
3. Describe the structure of a phospholipid and how this relates to its function.
4. Describe the structure of triglycerides and how this relates to their function.
1. Describe the test for proteins.
2. Explain how the quaternary structure of a protein is formed.
3. Explain how polypeptides are arranged to form the secondary structure and then the
tertiary structure of a protein.
4. Explain how amino acids are linked to form polypeptides.
1. Explain how enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
2. Describe how the structure of enzyme molecules relates to their function.
3. Explain the lock and key model of enzyme action.
4. Explain the induced-fit model of enzyme action.
1. Describe how the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction is measured.
2. Explain how temperature affects the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction.
3. Explain how pH affects the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction.
4. Explain how substrate and enzyme concentration affect the rate of reaction.
1. Describe the nature of enzyme inhibition.
2. Explain how competitive inhibitors and non-competitive inhibitors affect the active
site.
1. Describe the structure of RNA.
2. Describe the structure of DNA.
3. Describe the structure of a nucleotide.
1. Describe the formation of a new polynucleotide strand.
2. Explain the semi-conservative process of DNA replication.
3. Describe the events which take place during DNA replication.
1. Describe what a mole is and what is meant by a molar solution.
2. Explain bonding and the formation of molecules.
3. Describe polymerisation and state what macromolecules are.
4. Describe condensation reactions and hydrolysis.
5. Describe metabolism.
1. Describe how carbohydrates are constructed.
2. Describe the structure of monosaccharides.
3. Describe the tests for reducing and non-reducing sugars.
1. Describe the test for starch.
2. Describe the test for non-reducing sugars.
3. Explain how monosaccharides are linked together to form disaccharides.
4. Describe how alpha glucose molecules are linked to form starch.
1. Explain how alpha glucose monomers are arranged to form the polymers of starch
and glycogen.
2. Explain how beta glucose monomers are arranged to form the polymer cellulose.
3. Explain how the molecular structures of starch,glycogen and cellulose relate to their
functions
1. Describe the role of lipids.
2. Describe the test for a lipid.
3. Describe the structure of a phospholipid and how this relates to its function.
4. Describe the structure of triglycerides and how this relates to their function.
1. Describe the test for proteins.
2. Explain how the quaternary structure of a protein is formed.
3. Explain how polypeptides are arranged to form the secondary structure and then the
tertiary structure of a protein.
4. Explain how amino acids are linked to form polypeptides.
1. Explain how enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
2. Describe how the structure of enzyme molecules relates to their function.
3. Explain the lock and key model of enzyme action.
4. Explain the induced-fit model of enzyme action.
1. Describe how the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction is measured.
2. Explain how temperature affects the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction.
3. Explain how pH affects the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction.
4. Explain how substrate and enzyme concentration affect the rate of reaction.
1. Describe the nature of enzyme inhibition.
2. Explain how competitive inhibitors and non-competitive inhibitors affect the active
site.
1. Describe the structure of RNA.
2. Describe the structure of DNA.
3. Describe the structure of a nucleotide.
1. Describe the formation of a new polynucleotide strand.
2. Explain the semi-conservative process of DNA replication.
3. Describe the events which take place during DNA replication.
