WGU D115 (Latest 2023/ 2024) Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse Exam| Questions and Verified Answers|100% Correct| Grade A

WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse Exam| Questions and Verified Answers|100% Correct| Grade A Q: How does the epididymis become infected? Answer: The epididymis becomes infected when the pathogenic microorganisms from an already infected urethra or bladder ascend the vasa deferentia. Q: A patient reports small, vesicular lesions that last between 10 and 20 days. Which treatment should the healthcare professional educate the patient about? Answer: Correct! The patient likely has HSV, a viral infection, and acyclovir (Zovirax) is used to treat it. Q: What are four common modes of transmission for hepatitis B virus (HBV)? Answer: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids, which includes punctures with infected needles, transfusions of contaminated blood, contact with infected body fluids, and the introduction of the pathogen through a break in the skin. Q: Where would the healthcare professional expect to hear decreased or absent breath sounds in an individual who aspirated food particles? Answer: Anatomically, the right lung has the shortest path from the trachea, so this is where decreased or absent breath sounds can be heard. Q: A patient has pulmonary edema. Which condition should the healthcare professional assess the patient for as the priority? Answer: Left-sided heart failure is most important to determine because it dictates diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary edema. Q: Which immunoglobulin (Ig) may contribute to the pathophysiological characteristics of asthma? Answer: IgE is produced by the body as an allergic response to an allergen. Q: What is the most common route of lower respiratory tract infection? Answer: Oropharyngeal pathogens are sucked into the lungs with aspiration, thus enabling them to grow deep in the alveoli of the lungs and cause a lower respiratory tract infection. Q: Bronchiolitis tends to occur during the first years of life. Which virus most often causes bronchiolitis in the first year of life? Answer: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) most often causes bronchiolitis in the first year of life. Q: Which two processes are involved in platelet activation? Answer: Platelet activation involves three linked processes: (1) adhesion, (2) activation, and (3) aggregation. Platelet activation stimuli include epinephrine, thrombin, and collagen. Q: four common causes of anemia Answer: Impaired production of erythrocytes, increased red cell destruction, severe bleeding, and chronic blood loss can cause anemia. Q: explain why the nurse practitioner should ask the patient about her paresthesias and ataxia. Answer: Without the presence of intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 will not be absorbed effectively from the gastrointestinal tract. Q: Describe what causes pernicious anemia. Answer: Pernicious anemia is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, which is often associated with the end stage of type A chronic atrophic (autoimmune) gastritis. Autoimmune gastritis impairs the production of IF, which is required for vitamin B12 uptake from the gut. Q: Select three possible causes of lymphadenopathy from the options below. Answer: There are multiple causes of lymphadenopathy. It may be caused by neoplastic disease, so all lymphadenopathies must be closely followed and evaluated. Lymphadenopathy may also be caused by an immunologic or inflammatory condition and by lipid storage disease; this type of lymphadenopathy is usually widespread, including the liver and spleen. Q: What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children during the first few years of life? Answer: Insufficient dietary iron is the most common cause of IDA in children during the first few years of life. Q: Which stressor triggers sickling? Answer: Low temperature causes vasoconstriction, slowing blood flow, leading to RBC deoxygenation, which triggers sickling. Q: cause of ITP Answer: In 70% of ITP cases, there is an antecedent viral disease that stimulates production of antiplatelet antibodies that bind to the plasma membranes of platelets, causing platelet sequestration and destruction by phagocytes in the spleen and other lymphoid tissues at a rate that exceeds the ability of the bone marrow to produce them. Q: What is the likelihood that the patient will recover? with ITP Answer: The prognosis is excellent; 75% of children recover completely within three months. By six months after onset, 80% of affected children have regained normal platelet counts. Q: What is a function of the pericardial sac? Answer: The pericardial sac provides a physical barrier that protects the heart against infection and inflammation. It also protects the heart during gravitational acceleration and deceleration.