NURS 611(ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY) EXAM 1
ACTUAL EXAM WITH 100 QUESTIONS& 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES| A+ GRADE
(MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. It is true that a eukaryotic cell:
○ Is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
○ Contains structures called organelles.
○ Lacks a well-defined nucleus.
○ Does not contain histones.
Eukaryotes are large, have membrane-bound intracellular compartments called
organelles, hasa well defined nucleus, and have histones.
2. The function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular:
○ Division
○ Movement
○ Activities
○ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding
These proteins bind DNA and are involved in supercoiling of DNA.
3. An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is
referred to asa/an:
○ Golgi complex
○ Mitochondrion
○ Endoplasmic reticulum
○ Nucleolus
Organelle found in large numbers and is responsible for cellular respiration and energy
production. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that codes for enzymes needed for
oxidativephosphorylation.
4. Which statement best describes a desmosome?
○ A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
○ Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
○ A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
○ Desmosomes function as a zona occludens.
Desmosomes hold cells together by forming either continuous bands or belts of
epithelial sheetsor button-like points of contact. Desmosomes also act as a system of
braces to maintain structural stability.
5. Which statement describes the function of a second messenger?
○ Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors
○ Intracellular enzyme that once will trigger a cascade of intracellular
events
○ Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell membrane
, ○ Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal
Transferring signal to an intracellular messenger, which in turn triggers a cascade of
biochemical events within the cell. Second messengers are generated in large
numbers when the membrane-bound enzyme is activated, and they then rapidly
diffuse away from their source, broadcasting the signal throughout the cell.
6. Which statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
○ Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
○ Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine
triphosphate (ATP).
○ Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
○ Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by which
theenergy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP.
7. Movement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an
area of lowconcentration is called:
○ Diffusion
○ Filtration
○ Osmosis
○ Hydrostatic pressure
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute
concentration to an area of lesser solute concentration. Filtration is the movement of
water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure on one
side of the membrane than on the other side. Hydrostatic pressure is the
mechanical force of water against cellular membranes. Osmosis is the movement of
water “down” a concentration gradient, across a semipermeable membrane from a
region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.
8. Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
○ Anabolism
○ Catabolism
○ Substrate-induced reaction
○ Second messenger system
Catabolism is the energy-releasing process of cellular metabolism. Anabolism is the
energy- using process of cellular metabolism.
9. Which of the following describes the term chemotaxis?
○ Uses the second messenger system
○ Cellular signal affecting the cell of origin
○ Movement of cells along a chemical gradient
○ Ligands bind with receptors, triggering a second reaction
ACTUAL EXAM WITH 100 QUESTIONS& 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES| A+ GRADE
(MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. It is true that a eukaryotic cell:
○ Is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
○ Contains structures called organelles.
○ Lacks a well-defined nucleus.
○ Does not contain histones.
Eukaryotes are large, have membrane-bound intracellular compartments called
organelles, hasa well defined nucleus, and have histones.
2. The function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular:
○ Division
○ Movement
○ Activities
○ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding
These proteins bind DNA and are involved in supercoiling of DNA.
3. An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is
referred to asa/an:
○ Golgi complex
○ Mitochondrion
○ Endoplasmic reticulum
○ Nucleolus
Organelle found in large numbers and is responsible for cellular respiration and energy
production. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that codes for enzymes needed for
oxidativephosphorylation.
4. Which statement best describes a desmosome?
○ A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
○ Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
○ A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
○ Desmosomes function as a zona occludens.
Desmosomes hold cells together by forming either continuous bands or belts of
epithelial sheetsor button-like points of contact. Desmosomes also act as a system of
braces to maintain structural stability.
5. Which statement describes the function of a second messenger?
○ Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors
○ Intracellular enzyme that once will trigger a cascade of intracellular
events
○ Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell membrane
, ○ Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal
Transferring signal to an intracellular messenger, which in turn triggers a cascade of
biochemical events within the cell. Second messengers are generated in large
numbers when the membrane-bound enzyme is activated, and they then rapidly
diffuse away from their source, broadcasting the signal throughout the cell.
6. Which statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
○ Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
○ Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine
triphosphate (ATP).
○ Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
○ Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by which
theenergy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP.
7. Movement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an
area of lowconcentration is called:
○ Diffusion
○ Filtration
○ Osmosis
○ Hydrostatic pressure
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute
concentration to an area of lesser solute concentration. Filtration is the movement of
water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure on one
side of the membrane than on the other side. Hydrostatic pressure is the
mechanical force of water against cellular membranes. Osmosis is the movement of
water “down” a concentration gradient, across a semipermeable membrane from a
region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.
8. Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
○ Anabolism
○ Catabolism
○ Substrate-induced reaction
○ Second messenger system
Catabolism is the energy-releasing process of cellular metabolism. Anabolism is the
energy- using process of cellular metabolism.
9. Which of the following describes the term chemotaxis?
○ Uses the second messenger system
○ Cellular signal affecting the cell of origin
○ Movement of cells along a chemical gradient
○ Ligands bind with receptors, triggering a second reaction
