Week 4 Cardiovascular Notes for Nursing 190

● Friction rubs result from inflammation of the pericardial sac.○ Surfaces do not slide smoothly and produce the rubbing or grating sound.● Heart murmurs are harsh, blowing sounds caused by disruption of blood flow into theheart.● GRADING SLIDE AND CATEGORIES….Coronary Arteries● Their function is to transport blood bringing nutrients and oxygen to the myocardialmuscle.● The coronary arteries fill during diastole● Main coronary arteries:○ Left main coronary artery○ Right coronary artery○ Left anterior descending coronary artery○ Circumflex coronary artery● The coronary arteries are located above the aortic valve.○ Then diverge to provide blood to different surfaces● Atherosclerotic plaque in these arteries and in their branches contributes significantly tothe development of ischemic and injury processes and the potential for death.Cardiac conduction● Sinoatrial node (SA node)● Intra-atrial conduction pathways● Atrioventricular (AV) node● Bundle of His to the Right and Left bundle branches● Purkinje fibers● SA node: discharges an average of 60 to 100 times a minute● AV node: intrinsic rate of firing is slower and averages about 60 per min● Purkinje fibers: intrinsic rate averages 40-60 per minuteCardiac conduction Abnormalities (won't get tested on)● Heart blocks○ 1st degree○ 2nd degree type I○ 2nd degree type II○ 3rd degree or complete● Long QT syndrome● Bundle branches blocks● Sick sinus syndromePhysical Assessment● Inspection● Palpation● AuscultationBegin by having then sit upright● Measure Jugular venous pressure● 45 degree angl