Pulmonary pathology exam 2 with accurate answers (updated A+)

T/F: Centriacinar emphysema is located in the lower lung and panacinar emphysema is located in upper lobe regions of lung. - Answers-False, it is the opposite, Centriacinar - upper; Panaciner - lower What is the theory proposed for the pathogenesis of emphysema? - Answers-Excess of the enzyme lysosomal elastase is released from neutrophils in the lung. This results in the destruction of elastin and type IV collagen that are both important molecules for the integrity of lung tissue. T/F: In emphysema, cigarette smoke may stimulate macrophages to release neutrophil chemoattractants. - Answers-True What may smoke inhibit the activity of, in emphysema, that causes an increased in lung compliance? - Answers-Elastase inhibitors What is Chronic Bronchitis? - Answers-A disease characterized by excessive mucus production in the bronchial tree, sufficient to cause excessive expectoration of sputum on most days for 3 months in a year for at least 2 consecutive years. What is the hallmark for chronic bronchitis? - Answers-Hypertrophy of mucous glands in the LARGER BRONCHI and evidence of chronic inflammatory changes in SMALL AIRWAYS. These changes include cellular infiltration and edema of bronchiole walls.