Pharmacology Final Exam Review 2023/2024

Pharmacology Final Exam Review Which of the following is NOT one of the steps involved in the drug cycle - metabolism - absorption - secretion - distribution secretion A histamine-type reaction can be combated with all of the following compounds EXCEPT - chlorpheniramine maleate - prednisolone - penicillin - epinephrine penicillin Which of the following is a CNS stimulant, where users present with rampant caries and xerostomia - heroin - methamphetamine - cocaine - nicotine methamphetamine Which of the following may result from an overdose of insulin - convulsions - diabetes insipidus - glycosuria - hyperglycemia convulsions If a client with asthma is taking theophylline, which of the following drugs may result in toxicity - penicillin - erythromycin - amoxicillin - tetracycline - clindamycin erythromycin Which of the following is a relative contraindication for the use of nitrous oxide sedation - hypertension - epilepsy - asthma - mental disability mental disability Which of the following should not be given to a person with a history of aspirin hypersensitivity - acetaminophen - hydrocodone - oxycodone - codeine - ibuprofen ibuprofen Drugs circulate in the blood bound to ________ - white blood cells - albumin - red blood cells - plasma albumin In which of the following types of diabetes is insulin always required - type 1 - type 2 - type 3 - insulin is required in all types type 1 Before dental hygiene care, which of the following should be given to a client with a history of infective (bacterial) endocarditis allergic to penicillin - amoxicillin - clindamycin - metronidazole - tetracycline - augmentin clindamycin The action of epinephrine when combined with a local anesthetic is to - increase the amount of local anesthetic needed for effect - enhance circulation and wash the anesthetic from the site of action more quickly - increase the duration of anesthesia - decrease the relative length of action of an anesthetic increase the duration of anesthesia Which medication is contraindicated in young children - aspirin - opioids - NSAIDs - acetaminophen aspirin A two-year old boy contracts an infection that requires antibiotic therapy. With this information alone, which drug below wouldn't you choose - tetracycline - penicillin - erythromycin - cephalosporin tetracycline Your patient is a 16 year old boy. His chief complaint is that he has recurrent ulcers in his mouth that are causing him pain. On both occasions he reported having had a sinus infection treated with amoxicillin. Based on the patient's age, gender, and health history, the oral ulcerations most likely are due to which of the following? - lichenoid drug reaction - erythema multiforme - xerostomia - candidiasis erythema multiforme Which of the following oral bacteria is associated with increased estrogen levels - nocardia asteroids - prevotella species - mutans streptococcus - clostridium difficile prevotella species All of the following medications may be prescribed as an anticoagulant to persons with valvular heart defects EXCEPT - coumadin - ibuprofen - heparin - warfarin ibuprofen Lithium is the drug of choice for the treatment of which of the following conditions - parkinsonism - pyschoses - bipolar affective disorder - endogenous depression - gouty arthritis bipolar affective disorder The first-pass effect describes the _____ - excretion of drugs by the kidneys - absorption of drugs by the stomach - metabolism of drugs by the stomac