© Thomas Kabalin
Physics
Key: ■ > 25% ; ■ > 12,5% ; ■ > 5% ; ■ > 0% of papers (since 2018)
Newton's laws and application of Newton's
laws
■ The normal force is the force or the component of a force which a surface exerts on an object
with which it is in contact, and which is perpendicular to the surface.
■ The frictional force is the force that opposes the motion of an object and which acts parallel to
the surface.
■ The static frictional force is the force that opposes the tendency of motion of a stationary object
relative to a surface.
■ The kinetic frictional force is the force that opposes the motion of a moving object relative to a
surface.
■ Newton's first law of motion: A body will remain in its state of rest or motion at constant velocity
unless a non-zero resultant/net force acts on it.
■ Newton's second law of motion: When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in
the direction of the force and the acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely
proportional to the mass of the object.
■ Newton's third law of motion: when object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously
exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
■ Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: Each body in the universe attracts every other body with a
force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance between their centres.
Weight (describe) is the gravitational force the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface.
Vertical Projectile Motion in One Dimension
■ Free fall is motion during which the only force acting on an object is the gravitational force.
■ Projectile: an object which has been given an initial velocity and then it moves under the influence
of the gravitational force only.
Physics
Key: ■ > 25% ; ■ > 12,5% ; ■ > 5% ; ■ > 0% of papers (since 2018)
Newton's laws and application of Newton's
laws
■ The normal force is the force or the component of a force which a surface exerts on an object
with which it is in contact, and which is perpendicular to the surface.
■ The frictional force is the force that opposes the motion of an object and which acts parallel to
the surface.
■ The static frictional force is the force that opposes the tendency of motion of a stationary object
relative to a surface.
■ The kinetic frictional force is the force that opposes the motion of a moving object relative to a
surface.
■ Newton's first law of motion: A body will remain in its state of rest or motion at constant velocity
unless a non-zero resultant/net force acts on it.
■ Newton's second law of motion: When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in
the direction of the force and the acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely
proportional to the mass of the object.
■ Newton's third law of motion: when object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously
exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
■ Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: Each body in the universe attracts every other body with a
force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance between their centres.
Weight (describe) is the gravitational force the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface.
Vertical Projectile Motion in One Dimension
■ Free fall is motion during which the only force acting on an object is the gravitational force.
■ Projectile: an object which has been given an initial velocity and then it moves under the influence
of the gravitational force only.
