ACSM EP-C Exam 1.0 Questions With Verified Answers

Physical Activity - Answer any bodily movement produced by contracting skeletal muscles with a concomitant increase in energy expenditure Exercise - Answer any planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful activity that seeks to improve or maintain any component of fitness for life or sport Physical Fitness - Answer a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity What are the 3 subcomponents of physical fitness? - Answer Performance Related Fitness Health-Related Fitness Skill-Related Fitness What components are there in physical fitness, also known as performance related fitness? - Answer Health-Related Fitness and Skill-Related Fitness Health-Related Fitness - Answer fitness qualities that are necessary to maintain and promote a healthy body Health-related fitness shares some similarities between performance related physical fitness, but is mainly confined to which subcomponents? - Answer CRF Muscular Endurance Muscular Strength Muscular Power Flexibility Body Composition Skill-Related Fitness - Answer contributes to ones ability to function in a more skilled and efficient manner What subcomponents are there in skill-related fitness? - Answer Agility Balance Power Coordination Reaction Time Speed What MET ranges qualify as Light/Moderate/Vigorous? - Answer Very Light/Light = 3 METS Moderate = 3-5.9 METS Vigorous = 6 METS What are the most common causes of sudden cardiac death due to exercise, specifically in relation to young individuals? - Answer Congenital and Hereditary Abnormalities However, there is no clear consensuson the actual rate of sudden death in young individuals. The highest risk of musculoskeletal injuries involves _____________. - Answer weightbearing Some of the reasons we perform preparticipation screenings is to identify those: - Answer with medical contraindications who should receive clearance who should participate in medically supervised physical activity programs with other medical concerns What are some of the cautions listed on exercise equipment, videos, and books? - Answer "First consult your physician before exercise" "This is especially important for: Men 45+, Women 55+, those who are going to perform vigorous activity, and those who are new to exercise/unaccustomed to exercise" What are the two types of preparticipation physical activity screening? - Answer Self Guided Screening Professionally Supervised Screening Self-Guided Screening - Answer Screening method for those wishing to become more physically active without direct input from an exercise professional Includes: PAR-Q+ & ePARmed-X with Physician Clearance Professionally Supervised Screening - Answer Screening method that involves interaction with an exercise professional Includes: Health History Questionnaire, Medical Exam/Clearance, Preparticipation Physical Activity Screening Process Health History Questionnaire - Answer Form that assess's (minimally): Family history of CMR disease Personal history of various diseases and illnesses including CMR disease Surgical history Past and present health behaviors/habits (IE: history of smoking and physical activity) Current use of various drugs/medications Specific history of various signs and symptoms suggested of CMR disease among other things Medical Exam and Clearance - Answer Led by a physician or other qualified health care professionals. Usually involves evaluation of health/medical status and can involve some testing (BP, blood glucose, cholesterol, etc.). In some cases clearance may be required for those of higher risk. What three items need to be considered during the Preparticipation Physical Activity Screening Process? - Answer Past physical activity history Presence of known CMR disease Assessment of the individual's presence of signs and symptoms that can be suggestive of CMR disease Being physically active means you have engaged in activity for... - Answer At LEAST 3 months for 3 days a week for 30 minutes a day at a moderate intensity What qualifies as moderate intensity PA? - Answer 40-60% VO2R or HRR 3-6 METS 12-13 RPE Causes noticeable increases in heart rate and breathing What are known cardiovascular, metabolic and/or renal diseases? - Answer Heart Attack Heart Surgery, Catheterization, or Angioplasty Pacemaker/Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator/Rhythm Disturbance Heart Valve Disease Heart Failure Heart Transplantation Congenital Heart Disease Type 1/2 Diabetes Renal Disease (such as renal failure) CMR Sign or Symptom #1 Pain or discomfort in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may be due to ________ or lack of oxygenated blood flow to the tissue, such as the heart. - Answer ischemia Characteristic of Ischemic CMR Signs or Symptoms - Answer The pain is described as feeling constricting, squeezing, burning, "heaviness", or "a heavy feeling". Location of Ischemic CMR Signs or Symptoms - Answer The pain is: substernal, across the midthorax, anteriorly in one or both arms or shoulders in the neck, cheeks, or teeth in the forearms, fingers, and/or in the intrascapular region Provoking Factors of Ischemic CMR Signs or Symptoms - Answer The pain comes on with exercise or exertion, excitement, other forms of stress, cold weather, or after meals. CMR Sign or Symptom #2 _______ is the medical term for shortness of breath. Sometimes defined as an abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing. - Answer Dyspnea Note that dyspnea can occur abnormally with mild levels of exertion CMR Sign or Symptom #3 _______, or fainting, and dizziness during exercise may indicate poor blood flow to the brain due to inadequate cardiac output. - Answer Syncope CMR Sign or Symptom #4 _________ refers to trouble breathing while lying down. - Answer Orthopnea CMR Sign or Symptom #5 _____ _____, or swelling that is not due to injury. - Answer Ankle Edema CMR Sign or Symptom #6 ____________ and ___________ both refer to rapid beating or fluttering of the heart. - Answer Palpitations and Tachycardia CMR Sign or Symptom #7 ____________ ____________ refers to severe calf pain when walking. - Answer Intermittent Claudication CMR Sign or Symptom #8 _____ _______ are unusual sounds caused by blood flowing through the heart. - Answer Heart Murmurs CMR Sign or Symptom #9 _______ _______ or _________ __ ______ during light exertion or normal activity and not during strenuous activity. - Answer Unusual Fatigue or Shortness of Breath Explain Fig 2.6: Prepaticipation Screening Decision Tree - Answer What other organizations have worked with ACSM to develop risk stratifications? - Answer AHA and AACVPR Contraindications - Answer a clinical characteristic that individuals may have that may make physical activity, and thus exercise testing, more risky than if the individual did not have the chracteristic Absolute Contraindications - Answer Situation where individuals should not be allowed to perform any form of physical activity program or testing Relative Contraindications - Answer Situation where the individual may be accepted or allowed into a physical activity assessment/program if it is deemed that the benefits outweigh the risks. What are ACSM Athlerosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Factors and Defining Criteria? - Answer Men 45+ & Women 55+ Family history of CVD events (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, sudden cardiac death) Currently smoking or quit within the past 6 months Sedentary Lifestyle Obesity: 30 kg/m 102cm (40in+) waistline for men or 88cm (35in+) for women Hypertension (130+/80+ or on antihypertensive meds) Dyslipidemia (LDL-C = 130; HDL-C = 40; TC = 200) Diabetes (126+ fasting; 200+ oral glucose; or 6.5%+ HbA1C) What is the one ACSM CVD Negative Risk Factor? - Answer HDL-C 60+ The function of the cardiorespiratory system is to... - Answer provide oxygen and remove waste from the body The ATP-PCr systems lasts approximately how long? - Answer About 10 seconds Examples of Exercises that use ATP-PCr - Answer Discus Throw, Shotput, and High Jump How long does anaerobic glycolysis last? - Answer Aproximately 90 seconds Examples of Activities that use Anaerobic Glycolysis - Answer 200m and 400m sprint Krebs Cycle is also referred to as... - Answer Citric Acid Cycle OR Aerobic Glycolysis Aerobic Glycolysis lasts from what point and on into exercise? - Answer 1 to 2 minutes and on What are the anaerobic and aerobic pathways during exercise? - Answer Anaerobic = ATP-PCr (CP) and Anaerobic Glycolysis Aerobic = Krebs Cycle (Aerobic Glycolysis) and ETC O2 Deficit - Answer Difference between total O2 uptake and total O2 requirement during onset exercise Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) - Answer Oxygen consumption during recovery from exercise that is above resting rate. Used to be known as O2 debt