NCIDQ: 1) Design Concepts & Programming Graded A

NCIDQ: 1) Design Concepts & Programming Graded A Design Theory A way to direct design based on a system of beliefs or philosophy. Evidence-based design (EBD) basing design decisions on credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome. Gestalt Psychology Humans perceive things as a whole so that what is perceived is complete and comprehensive Establishing Goals Goals indicate what the client wants to achieve and why. They are important to identify because they establish the directions of programmatic concepts that ultimately suggest the physical means of achieving the goals. It is not enough simply to list the types of spaces and required square footages the client needs; it is important to also know the objectives the client is trying to reach with those spaces and square footages. (Ballast) Collecting and Analyzing Facts Facts describe the existing conditions and requirements of the problem, such as the number of people to be accommodated, space adjacencies, user char-acteristics, the existing building within which the interiors will be constructed, equipment to be housed, expected growth rate, money available for construction and furnishings, and building code requirements. There are always many facts; part of the programmer's task is not only to collect them but also to organize them so they are useful. Information gathering is discussed at length later in this chapter. (Ballast) Uncovering and Testing Concepts The programming process should develop abstract ideas that are functional solutions to the client's performance problems, without defining the physical means that could be used to solve them. These ideas are called programmatic concepts and are the basis for later design concepts. (Ballast) Programmatic Concept A performance requirement related to methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need Design Concept A specific physical response that attempts to achieve a programmatic concept. Determining Needs This step of the programming process balances the desires of the cli-ent against the available budget or establishes a budget based on the defined goals and needs. It is during this step that "wants" have to be separated from "needs." Because most clients want more than they can afford, clear statements of true needs at this early stage can help avoid problems later. At this time, one or more of the four elements of cost (quantity, quality, budget, and time) may have to be adjusted to balance needs against available. Stating the Problem the bridge between programming and the design process. They are statements, agreed upon by both the client and the programmer, that describe the most important aspects of the problem and serve as the basis for design and as the criteria by which the solution can be evaluated. There should be a minimum of four problem statements—one for each of the major considerations of form, function, economy, and time. (Ballast) Form Existing conditions in a space. The physical and psychological environment of the interior. Quality of Construction. Function Relates to the people using the space, The activities to be performed there, and The relationship of spaces to each other. Economy concerns money: the initial cost of the interior, operating costs (if applicable), and life-cycle costs. (Ballast) Time describes the ideas of past, present, and future as they affect the other three considerations. Priority establishes the order of importance of things such as size, position, or social values. Hierarchy relates to the idea of the exercise of authority and is expressed in physical symbols of authority. Character a response to the desired image the client wants to project. This may later be expressed in design concepts using materials, lighting, space layout, and other physical responses. Density low, medium, or high—may relate to how a space or group of spaces are used to respond to goals such as efficient use of space or the desired amount of inter-action in an office. Service groupings include mechanical services, such as mechanical systems, as well as other functions that support the use of a space. Distribution of supplies, storage space, information, and vending areas are examples of these types of functions. Activity grouping states whether activi-ties should be integrated (i.e., bundled together) or separated and compartmen-talized. People grouping states the degree of mass-ing of people in a space and is derived from the physical, social, and emotional characteristics of the group. Home base related to the concept of territoriality and is a place where a person can maintain his or her individuality. Relationships include the affinities of people and activities